Mark 9 : 14

Greek Καί and Latin Et are coordinating conjunctions, while the Syriac ܘܟܕ ('and when') fuses the conjunction with a temporal subordinator, subordinating the participle clause into a 'when they came' construction. The Vulgate likewise treats the verb as a participle (veniens) but lacks an explicit temporal marker.

Greek uses the aorist participle plural ἐλθόντες ('having come', NPM), and the Vulgate renders it with a present participle singular veniens; the Syriac ܐܬܐ is a finite verb governed by ܟܕ. The Latin singular against the Greek plural reflects a shift in the implied subject's number.

The Vulgate adds the possessive suffix suos ('his disciples'), an explicitating expansion not present in the Greek (τοὺς μαθητάς) or the Syriac (ܬܠܡܝܕܐ), both of which carry only the simple article or determined state.

Greek and Latin place the prepositional phrase περὶ αὐτούς / circa eos ('around them') after the noun phrase 'a great crowd', while the Syriac ܠܘܬܗܘܢ ('toward/around them') is fronted immediately after the verb, anticipating the object — a permissible Syriac word-order variation.

The Syriac ܘܣܦܪܐ unites the conjunction and noun ('and scribes') in a single orthographic word from the root s-p-r ('to write/count'), corresponding to the discrete Greek καὶ γραμματεῖς and Latin et scribas.

Greek expresses the action with a single present participle συζητοῦντας ('disputing'), as does the Latin conquirentes, whereas the Syriac employs a circumstantial clause ܟܕ ܕܪܫܝܢ ('while they were disputing'), introduced by ܟܕ — a syntactically distinct but semantically equivalent construction.