Mark 14 : 20

Greek uses the articular subject ὁ (with following δέ) functioning as a demonstrative ('he'); the Vulgate renders this with the relative pronoun Qui ('who'), a typical Latin technique for resuming a narrative subject, while Syriac ܗܘ is an independent demonstrative pronoun. The three express the same referent through different syntactic devices.

The Greek postpositive connective δέ is matched by Syriac ܕܝܢ (a Greek loan-particle), but the Vulgate omits any corresponding conjunction, folding the contrastive nuance into the relative construction Qui.

The Greek redundant participle ἀποκριθεὶς ('answering'), a Semitism reflecting Hebrew וַיַּעַן, is left untranslated in both the Peshitta and the Vulgate, which present a simple verb of speaking without the introductory participle.

All three attest the dative/indirect-object 'to them' (αὐτοῖς / ܠܗܘܢ / illis); the Vulgate adds an explicit colon (token 3) marking the boundary of direct speech, a punctuation feature absent from the unpointed Greek and Syriac witnesses.

Greek employs an articular present participle ὁ ἐμβαπτόμενος ('the one dipping'), and the Vulgate mirrors this with a relative clause qui intingit; the Peshitta uses a relative particle prefixed to the finite verb ܕܨܒܥ ('who dips'). All three convey the same idea, but with differing means of subordination.

The Vulgate supplies an explicit object manum ('hand', i.e. 'dips his hand'), an interpretive expansion paralleling Matt 26:23 (qui intingit mecum manum in paropside). Neither the Greek nor the Syriac names the hand here, leaving the verb absolute.