Mark 14:20 — Greek / Peshitta / Vulgate aligned

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς

Peshitta ܗܘ ܕܝܢ

Vulgate Qui

Greek employs a participial construction (ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν) with article, conjunction, and aorist participle; Syriac uses pronoun + conjunction (ܗܘ ܕܝܢ); Vulgate uses a relative pronoun (Qui) without explicit conjunction. All three convey 'And he answering said,' but through distinct syntactic strategies typical of each language.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

punctuation All three attest

Greek NT αὐτοῖς·

Peshitta ܠܗܘܢ

Vulgate illis Unus

Vulgate inserts a colon after illis to mark direct discourse, creating a stronger syntactic break than the Greek punctuation (αὐτοῖς·) or Syriac construction. This reflects Latin rhetorical convention for introducing quoted speech.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

lexical All three attest

Greek NT ἐμβαπτόμενος

Peshitta ܕܨܒܥ

Vulgate mecum

Greek ἐμβαπτόμενος (present middle participle, 'dipping [himself]') and Syriac ܕܨܒܥ (active participle, 'who dips') both denote the act of dipping into the dish. Vulgate intingit (present active indicative, 'dips') shifts from participial to finite verb, altering the syntactic relationship but preserving the semantic content.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

expansion All three attest

Greek NT ἐμοῦ εἰς τὸ ἓν

Peshitta ܒܠܓܬܐ

Vulgate in catino

Greek specifies εἰς τὸ ἓν τρύβλιον ('into the one bowl'), emphasizing the single shared dish. Vulgate expands with manum in catino ('hand in the dish'), making the body part explicit—a clarifying gloss absent in both Greek and Syriac. Syriac ܒܠܓܬܐ ('in the dish') is semantically equivalent to Greek but lacks the numeral ἓν and the Vulgate's anatomical specification.

Mark 14 : 20

Critical apparatus