Mark 15 : 10

EN For he perceived that for envy the chief priests had delivered him up.

ES Porque conocía que por envidia le habían entregado los príncipes de los sacerdotes.

ZH-HANS 他原晓得，祭司长是因为嫉妒才把耶稣解了来。

ZH-HANT 他原曉得，祭司長是因為嫉妒才把耶穌解了來。

Critical apparatus

4 variants · 3 witnesses

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ἐγίνωσκεν

Peshitta ܝܕܥ ܗܘܐ

Vulgate Sciebat

Greek expresses the durative imperfect with a single synthetic form (ἐγίνωσκεν, V-IAI-3S); the Peshitta renders this periphrastically with ܝܕܥ ܗܘܐ (perfect verb + enclitic ܗܘܐ), a standard Syriac means of marking past-continuous aspect, while the Vulgate uses the simple imperfect Sciebat.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

expansion Peshitta only

Peshitta ܦܝܠܛܘܣ

The Peshitta supplies the explicit subject ܦܝܠܛܘܣ (Pilate), making overt what is only implied by the third-person verb in the Greek and Latin. This is a common Syriac clarifying expansion to disambiguate the referent of the imperfect verb.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

grammar All three attest

Greek NT παραδεδώκεισαν

Peshitta ܐܫܠܡܘܗܝ

Vulgate tradidissent

Greek employs the pluperfect παραδεδώκεισαν (V-LAI-3P, 'had delivered up'), precisely matched by the Latin pluperfect subjunctive tradidissent in indirect discourse; the Syriac ܐܫܠܡܘܗܝ is a simple perfect (root sh-l-m) carrying an attached object suffix, lacking the morphological pluperfect and thus flattening the relative time-depth.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT αὐτὸν

Peshitta ܐܫܠܡܘܗܝ

Vulgate eum

The Greek and Latin express the object 'him' with a separate pronoun (αὐτὸν / eum), whereas Syriac encodes it as the pronominal suffix -ܘܗܝ on the verb ܐܫܠܡܘܗܝ; the object is therefore shared with the verbal token rather than standing independently.