Mark 3 : 7

Greek employs the definite article ὁ before Ἰησοῦς, a standard Greek construction absent in both Syriac (which lacks articles) and Latin (where proper names typically appear without articles).

The Vulgate inserts the adversative particle 'autem' ('however,' 'moreover'), marking a discourse transition not explicitly present in the Greek or Peshitta. This reflects Latin stylistic convention for narrative segmentation.

Greek uses prepositional phrase μετὰ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ with article and possessive pronoun; Peshitta employs preposition ܥܡ with pronominal suffix on the noun (ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ); Vulgate uses 'cum discipulis suis' with possessive adjective. All three express identical semantics through language-specific possessive constructions.

Greek ἀνεχώρησεν ('withdrew') is rendered by Peshitta ܐܙܠ ܠܗ (literally 'went away,' with ethical dative ܠܗ intensifying the departure) and Vulgate 'secessit' ('withdrew'). The Peshitta construction uses a common Semitic idiom (verb + ethical dative) to convey the nuance of deliberate withdrawal.

The Vulgate inserts a colon after 'mare,' creating a stronger syntactic break before the following clause. This punctuation choice reflects Latin rhetorical structure and is absent in Greek and Peshitta manuscript traditions.

Greek places the adjective before the noun (πολὺ πλῆθος); Peshitta reverses this order (ܥܡܐ ܣܓܝܐܐ, 'crowd great'); Vulgate follows Greek order ('multa turba'). The Peshitta word order reflects standard Semitic attributive adjective placement (noun-adjective), while Greek and Latin follow their respective conventions.

Greek uses aorist active ἠκολούθησεν with dative object αὐτῷ; Peshitta employs perfect ܢܩܦܗ ܗܘܐ (periphrastic construction with auxiliary ܗܘܐ); Vulgate uses perfect active 'secuta est' with accusative 'eum.' The Peshitta periphrastic perfect emphasizes the completed state of the action, while Greek aorist focuses on the punctiliar event.

Greek coordinates the second geographic source with καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἰουδαίας following the verb; Vulgate places both geographic sources ('a Galilæa et Judæa') before the verb 'secuta est,' creating a more compact Latin construction. Peshitta follows Greek word order with ܘܡܢ ܝܗܘܕ after the verb.