Mark 10 : 4

Greek and Syriac use a substantival demonstrative/article (οἱ / ܗܢܘܢ, 'they/those'), while the Vulgate renders the subject with the relative pronoun Qui, fronting it into a relative-clause construction typical of Latin narrative resumption.

The postpositive connective δέ is matched by Syriac ܕܝܢ (a Greek loan-particle), but the Vulgate has no corresponding adversative conjunction, dropping the discourse marker entirely as is common in Latin paratactic style.

Greek and Latin place the verb of permitting (ἐπέτρεψεν / permisit) before the subject Moses is mentioned in their respective clause orders, while Syriac ܐܦܣ follows the subject ܡܘܫܐ; the lexemes are semantically equivalent ('he permitted').

The Syriac adds the dative pronoun ܠܢ ('to us'), making explicit the indirect object of the permission. Neither the Greek NA28 nor the Vulgate transmits this pronoun, which clarifies the addressees as the questioning Pharisees.

Greek and Latin use an infinitive of purpose/content (γράψαι / scribere, 'to write'), whereas Syriac employs a subordinate finite verb ܕܢܟܬܘܒ ('that he might write'); the Vulgate also separates libellum (idx 6) before scribere, reordering the object-infinitive sequence.

Greek ἀπολῦσαι and Latin dimittere literally mean 'to release/send away' (the wife), the standard divorce idiom; Syriac uses the verb ܘܢܫܪܐ (root sh-r-a, 'to loose/release'), a cognate-conceptual equivalent expressing the dissolution of the marriage bond.