Mark 12 : 24

The Peshitta omits the initial conjunction Καὶ / Et, beginning directly with the verb of speaking. This is a common Syriac stylistic preference, avoiding redundant conjunctions at discourse boundaries.

Greek uses the article + nominative (ὁ Ἰησοῦς) as subject; Latin employs the nominative proper name Jesus without article (Latin lacks articles); Syriac uses the bare proper name ܝܫܘܥ. All three identify the same subject but reflect differing grammatical systems.

The Vulgate inserts a colon to mark the transition from narrative frame to direct discourse. Neither Greek nor Syriac manuscripts employ this punctuation convention, though the discourse boundary is implicit.

Greek uses the interrogative particle οὐ expecting affirmative answer; Latin mirrors this with Nonne. The Peshitta employs a negative existential construction (ܠܐ ܗܘܐ, 'is it not?'), using the verb 'to be' to form the rhetorical question—a syntactically distinct but semantically equivalent Semitic idiom.

The Peshitta adds the explicit subject pronoun ܐܢܬܘܢ ('you') after the participle ܛܥܝܢ ('erring'), making the second-person plural subject explicit. Greek and Latin leave the subject implicit in the verb morphology (πλανᾶσθε / erratis), a typical Syriac clarification strategy.

The Peshitta again adds the explicit pronoun ܐܢܬܘܢ ('you') with the participle ܝܕܥܝܢ ('knowing'), forming ܕܠܐ ܝܕܥܝܢ ܐܢܬܘܢ ('that you do not know'). Greek uses the articular participle μὴ εἰδότες and Latin the simple participle non scientes, both leaving the subject implicit.

Greek uses the plural τὰς γραφὰς ('the Scriptures') with definite article; Latin uses the plural Scripturas without article (Latin lacks articles); Syriac uses the singular ܟܬܒܐ ('the Scripture/Writing'), a collective singular common in Semitic languages for referring to the body of sacred texts.

Greek uses the article + accusative noun (τὴν δύναμιν, 'the power'); Latin uses the bare accusative virtutem; Syriac employs a pronominal suffix construction (ܚܝܠܗ, 'his power'), making the possessive relationship to God explicit through the third-person suffix rather than a following genitive.