Mark 12 : 32

Greek (ὁ γραμματεύς) and Syriac (ܗܘ ܣܦܪܐ) both supply a demonstrative/article before 'scribe', while the Vulgate scriba stands without article since Latin lacks one; the Syriac ܗܘ functions as an anaphoric pronoun marking definiteness.

The Vulgate inserts an explicit colon after scriba to introduce direct speech, whereas the Greek encodes the pause with the high-point (·) attached to γραμματεύς·; the Peshitta carries no equivalent punctuation token.

Greek διδάσκαλε and Latin Magister are direct vocatives for 'teacher', whereas the Syriac ܪܒܝ ('Rabbi/my master', root r-b-y) preserves the Semitic honorific form rather than translating it, reflecting the underlying Aramaic title.

Greek εἷς ('one', numeral adjective) and Latin unus correspond to the Syriac ܕܚܕ, where the prefixed ܕ (relative/complementiser) introduces the dependent clause begun by ܐܡܪܬ; the cardinal is fused with the conjunction in Syriac orthography.

Greek copula ἐστιν and Latin est are finite verbs of being; the Syriac ܗܘ is an enclitic pronoun-copula ('he is'), the standard Syriac means of expressing the predicative 'is' without a finite verb.

Greek θεός and Latin Deus name 'God' explicitly as the subject of the clause; the Peshitta does not supply a separate lexeme for God here, the divine subject being understood from the affirmation of oneness, a compression typical of Syriac monotheistic formulae.

Greek καί and Latin et coordinate the clauses; the Syriac fuses the conjunction with the negator in ܘܠܝܬ ('and there is not'), the proclitic ܘ rendering the copulative while ܠܝܬ supplies the negated existential.

Greek expresses 'there is not' with separate negator and copula (οὐκ ἔστιν) as does the Latin (non est), whereas the Syriac ܠܝܬ is a single suppletive negative existential particle, the lexicalised contraction of ܠܐ ܐܝܬ.

Greek πλήν and Latin præter are single prepositions meaning 'besides/except'; the Syriac renders the notion with ܠܒܪ (root l-b-r, 'outside'), an adverbial/prepositional expression literally 'apart from', a characteristic Syriac periphrasis for exception.