Mark 14 : 22

Greek uses genitive absolute construction (ἐσθιόντων αὐτῶν) with participle preceding pronoun; Peshitta employs temporal clause with ܘܟܕ + pronoun ܗܢܘܢ + participle ܠܥܣܝܢ; Vulgate mirrors Greek structure with ablative absolute (manducantibus illis). All three express identical temporal simultaneity but through tradition-specific syntactic patterns.

Vulgate inserts a colon after 'panem' to mark the transition from narrative to the sequence of ritual actions, creating a stronger syntactic break than the Greek or Peshitta conjunctive flow.

Greek and Peshitta use aorist participles (εὐλογήσας / ܘܒܪܟ) in asyndetic sequence; Vulgate inserts coordinating conjunction 'et' before 'benedicens', making the blessing action more explicitly coordinate with what follows rather than purely circumstantial.

Greek uses conjunction καὶ + finite verb ἔδωκεν + dative pronoun αὐτοῖς; Peshitta employs waw-consecutive ܘܝܗܒ with pronominal suffix ܠܗܘܢ (more compact); Vulgate mirrors Greek structure with 'et dedit eis'. All semantically equivalent but reflect different strategies for pronominal objects.

Peshitta adds a second indirect object pronoun ܠܗܘܢ after ܘܐܡܪ ('and he said to them'), making the addressees explicit where Greek simply has καὶ εἶπεν. Vulgate inserts a colon for punctuation but omits the dative pronoun, creating a more abrupt transition to direct speech than either Greek or Syriac.

Greek preserves two imperatives (λάβετε φάγετε, 'take, eat'), likely original to Mark's account. Both Peshitta (ܣܒܘ, 'take') and Vulgate (Sumite, 'take') omit the second imperative φάγετε, possibly through harmonization with the shorter Markan tradition or scribal abbreviation in their respective textual histories.

Greek places demonstrative before copula (τοῦτό ἐστιν); Peshitta reverses to ܗܢܐ ܐܝܬܘܗܝ (demonstrative + enclitic copula with pronominal suffix); Vulgate follows Greek order (hoc est). The Syriac construction reflects standard Semitic predicate-first syntax for identificatory clauses.

Greek uses article + noun + possessive pronoun (τὸ σῶμά μου); Peshitta employs noun with pronominal suffix ܦܓܪܝ (more compact, no article); Vulgate mirrors Greek structure with 'corpus meum'. The Syriac construction is standard for possessed nouns in a language lacking definite articles.