Mark 5:12 — 希腊文 / 别西大 / 武加大对齐

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

grammar All three attest

Greek NT παρεκάλεσαν

Peshitta ܘܒܥܝܢ ܗܘܘ

Vulgate deprecabantur

The Peshitta employs a periphrastic construction ܘܒܥܝܢ ܗܘܘ (wəḇāʿēn hwaw, 'and they were beseeching') using the auxiliary verb ܗܘܘ with the active participle, whereas Greek uses the simple aorist παρεκάλεσαν and Latin the imperfect deprecabantur. This reflects a characteristic Syriac preference for analytic verbal forms over synthetic tenses.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

substitution All three attest

Greek NT πάντες οἱ δαίμονες

Peshitta ܗܢܘܢ ܫܐܕܐ

Vulgate spiritus

Greek specifies πάντες οἱ δαίμονες ('all the demons') with the quantifier πᾶς, while the Vulgate reads simply spiritus ('spirits'), substituting a different lexeme and omitting the quantifier entirely. The Peshitta uses ܗܢܘܢ ܫܐܕܐ ('those demons') with a demonstrative pronoun rather than a universal quantifier, representing a middle position between the Greek's emphasis on totality and the Vulgate's generic reference.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

punctuation All three attest

Greek NT λέγοντες·

Peshitta ܘܐܡܪܝܢ

Vulgate dicentes Mitte

The Vulgate inserts a colon after dicentes to mark the transition to direct speech, a punctuation convention absent in the Greek manuscript tradition (which uses a raised dot or no mark) and in Syriac orthography. This represents Latin scribal practice rather than a textual variant.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT εἰς τοὺς χοίρους

Peshitta ܥܠ ܗܢܘܢ ܚܙܝܪܐ

Vulgate porcos ut

Greek uses the preposition εἰς with the accusative article and noun (εἰς τοὺς χοίρους, 'into the pigs'), Latin mirrors this with in + accusative (in porcos), but Syriac employs the preposition ܥܠ ('upon/to') governing a demonstrative + noun (ܥܠ ܗܢܘܢ ܚܙܝܪܐ). The Syriac ܥܠ can express motion-toward in this context, representing an idiomatic equivalent rather than a literal calque of εἰς.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT εἰς αὐτοὺς εἰσέλθωμεν

Peshitta ܕܒܗܘܢ ܢܥܘܠ

Vulgate eos introëamus

Greek repeats the preposition εἰς before the pronoun αὐτούς in the purpose clause (ἵνα εἰς αὐτοὺς εἰσέλθωμεν), and Latin follows this pattern (ut in eos introëamus). The Peshitta, however, incorporates the pronominal object into a prepositional phrase attached to the conjunction ܕ (ܕܒܗܘܢ ܢܥܘܠ, 'that in-them we-may-enter'), using ܒ ('in') rather than repeating ܥܠ, which reflects Syriac's tendency toward tighter syntactic integration of subordinate clause elements.

Mark 5 : 12

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