Mark 16 : 1

Greek uses a genitive-absolute aorist participle (διαγενομένου, 'when [it] had passed'); the Vulgate employs a pluperfect subjunctive (transisset) governed by cum, and Syriac a simple perfect finite verb ܥܒܪܬ. All express completed past time, but the Greek absolute construction is reduced to a finite clause in both versions.

Greek expresses 'Mary of James' with an articular genitive periphrasis (ἡ τοῦ Ἰακώβου, 'the [mother/wife] of James'); the Vulgate compresses this to a bare genitive Jacobi, and Syriac to the relative-genitive form ܕܝܥܩܘܒ. The implied kinship noun is left unexpressed in all three but the Greek double article makes the ellipsis explicit.

Greek ἠγόρασαν and Latin emerunt are third-person plural aorist/perfect ('they bought'); the Syriac ܙܒܢ is morphologically a singular perfect form here used collectively for the women, a feature of Syriac verbal concord with mixed or listed subjects.

Greek introduces the purpose clause with ἵνα + subjunctive; the Vulgate matches with ut + subjunctive, while Syriac folds the purpose into the prefixed relative-final ܕ- on ܕܢܐܬܝܢ. The conjunction ἵνα is thus realised as a particle in Latin and as a verbal prefix in Syriac.

Greek and Syriac use a pronominal object (αὐτόν / the suffixed -ܝܗܝ on ܢܡܫܚܢܝܗܝ, 'they may anoint him'); the Vulgate makes the referent explicit with the proper noun Jesum, a clarifying substitution typical of the Latin tradition at the start of the resurrection narrative.