Mark 5 : 18

Greek employs a genitive absolute construction (ἐμβαίνοντος αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸ πλοῖον) with present participle, article, and prepositional phrase. Syriac uses a finite verb (ܣܠܩ 'he ascended') with direct object, while Vulgate uses a temporal cum-clause with imperfect subjunctive (cumque ascenderet navim). All three express the same temporal circumstance but with distinct syntactic strategies.

Greek uses imperfect indicative παρεκάλει with direct object pronoun αὐτόν. Syriac employs a periphrastic construction ܒܥܐ ܗܘܐ ܡܢܗ (literally 'was seeking from him'), using the preposition ܡܢ to mark the indirect object. Vulgate mirrors Greek structure with cœpit illum deprecari, though using an infinitive complement. The semantic content is identical but the syntactic encoding differs.

Greek uses articular aorist passive participle ὁ δαιμονισθεὶς ('the one having been demon-possessed') as a substantive. Syriac employs a resumptive pronoun ܗܘ with relative clause ܕܫܐܕܘܗܝ ('he whom his demons [possessed]'). Vulgate expands significantly with a full relative clause qui a dæmonio vexatus fuerat ('who had been vexed by a demon'), using pluperfect passive and explicitly naming the singular dæmonio where Greek and Syriac imply plurality or collective force.