Polyglot Concordance / Mk · Bread, Discernment, and Healings
New Testament · Bread, Discernment, and Healings · Mark

Mark 7 : 20

EN He said, “That which proceeds out of the man, that defiles the man.

ES Mas decía, que lo que del hombre sale, aquello contamina al hombre.

ZH-HANS 又说：「从人里面出来的，那才能污秽人；

ZH-HANT 又說：「從人裏面出來的，那才能污穢人；

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批判性批註

5 處異文 · 3 處見證
𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
grammar Two witnesses
Greek NT ἔλεγεν
Vulgate Dicebat

Greek uses imperfect ἔλεγεν (V-IAI-3S, 'he was saying'), indicating iterative or continuous past action; Vulgate employs imperfect dicebat with identical aspectual force. Peshitta omits the verb entirely, beginning directly with the substantive clause introduced by ܡܕܡ ('that which'), a common Syriac construction where context supplies the verb of speaking.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
construction Two witnesses
Greek NT ὅτι
Vulgate quoniam

Greek ὅτι and Vulgate quoniam both introduce the content clause with explicit subordinating conjunctions. Peshitta employs ܡܕܡ ܕ ('that which'), a relative pronoun construction that functions as both subject and subordinator, eliminating the need for a separate ὅτι-equivalent—a typical Semitic strategy for embedding clauses.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
construction All three attest
Greek NT τὸ ἐκ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐκπορευόμενον
Peshitta ܡܕܡ ܕܢܦܩ ܡܢ ܒܪܢܫܐ
Vulgate quæ de homine exeunt

Greek uses articular participle construction (τὸ ἐκ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐκπορευόμενον, 'that which goes out from the man'), with article + prepositional phrase + present middle participle. Vulgate mirrors this with relative pronoun quæ + prepositional phrase de homine + finite verb exeunt. Peshitta fronts the indefinite pronoun ܡܕܡ ('that which') and employs a participial relative clause ܕܢܦܩ ܡܢ ܒܪܢܫܐ ('which goes out from man'), syntactically parallel but without the Greek article system.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
idiom All three attest
Greek NT ἐκεῖνο
Peshitta ܗܘ ܗܘ
Vulgate illa

Greek ἐκεῖνο (D-NSN, 'that [one]') is a resumptive demonstrative pronoun reinforcing the subject. Vulgate illa performs the same function. Peshitta employs the doubled pronoun ܗܘ ܗܘ ('it, it'), a characteristic Syriac emphatic construction equivalent to Greek/Latin demonstratives but achieved through repetition rather than a distinct lexeme.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul
lexical All three attest
Greek NT κοινοῖ τὸν ἄνθρωπον
Peshitta ܡܣܝܒ ܠܒܪ ܐܢܫܐ
Vulgate communicant hominem

Greek κοινοῖ (V-PAI-3S, from κοινόω, 'to defile, make common/unclean') and Vulgate communicant (from communico, 'to make common, defile') share the semantic field of ritual impurity. Peshitta ܡܣܝܒ (from ܣܝܒ, 'to defile, pollute') is a direct cognate concept but employs a native Semitic root rather than a Greek loanword, reflecting translation philosophy rather than textual divergence.