Mark 9:47 — 希臘文 / 別西大 / 武加大對齊

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construction All three attest

Greek NT καὶ ἐὰν

Peshitta ܘܐܢ

Vulgate Quod si

Greek opens with paratactic καὶ ἐάν ('and if'); the Peshitta fuses these into a single conditional particle ܘܐܢ, while the Vulgate recasts the connective as the relative-conditional Quod si, a stylistic Latin idiom that subordinates the clause to the preceding context rather than coordinating it.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου

Peshitta ܥܝܢܟ

Vulgate oculus tuus

Greek expresses 'your eye' analytically with article + noun + enclitic genitive (ὁ ὀφθαλμός σου); the Vulgate parallels this with oculus tuus, whereas Syriac employs the synthetic pronominal suffix ܥܝܢܟ, a single morphological word for the same phrase.

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lexical All three attest

Greek NT ἔκβαλε

Peshitta ܚܨܝܗ

Vulgate ejice

Greek ἔκβαλε ('cast out') and Latin ejice both denote violent expulsion; the Syriac ܚܨܝܗ derives from a root meaning 'pluck/tear out', a slightly more graphic lexeme reflecting the physical extraction of the offending eye.

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omission Two witnesses

Greek NT αὐτόν·

Vulgate eum bonum

The Greek pronominal object αὐτόν ('it') is rendered in Latin by eum followed by editorial colon punctuation; the Peshitta omits the explicit object pronoun entirely, the verbal suffix on ܚܨܝܗ already encoding the object.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT μονόφθαλμον

Peshitta ܕܒܚܕܐ ܥܝܢܟ

Vulgate introire

Greek uses the compact adjective μονόφθαλμον ('one-eyed') matched by Latin luscum; Syriac unpacks the same notion periphrastically as ܕܒܚܕܐ ܥܝܢܟ ('with one eye of yours'), preferring an analytic phrase over a single lexeme.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ

Peshitta ܠܡܠܟܘܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ

Vulgate regnum Dei quam

Greek 'into the kingdom of God' uses preposition + article + noun + genitive article + θεοῦ; Latin reduces the articles (in regnum Dei); Syriac compresses 'his kingdom of God' into ܠܡܠܟܘܬܗ ܕܐܠܗܐ with a proleptic pronominal suffix on 'kingdom', an idiomatic Syriac anticipatory possessive construction.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT δύο ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντα

Peshitta ܟܕ ܐܝܬ ܠܟ ܬܪܬܝܢ ܥܝܢܝܢ

Vulgate oculos habentem mitti

Greek 'having two eyes' is a participial phrase (δύο ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχοντα) closely mirrored by Latin duos oculos habentem; Syriac recasts it as a circumstantial existential clause ܟܕ ܐܝܬ ܠܟ ܬܪܬܝܢ ܥܝܢܝܢ ('while there are to you two eyes'), the standard Syriac idiom for possession lacking a verb 'to have'.

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grammar All three attest

Greek NT βληθῆναι

Peshitta ܬܦܠ

Vulgate in

Greek βληθῆναι and Latin mitti are passive infinitives ('to be cast'); the Syriac ܬܦܠ is an active intransitive ('that you fall'), shifting the agency from external casting to the subject's own falling into Gehenna.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT εἰς τὴν γέενναν τοῦ πυρός

Peshitta ܒܓܗܢܐ ܕܢܘܪܐ

Vulgate gehennam ignis

Greek 'into the gehenna of the fire' is fully articulated (εἰς τὴν γέενναν τοῦ πυρός); Latin renders it anarthrously (in gehennam ignis); Syriac collapses preposition and noun into ܒܓܗܢܐ ܕܢܘܪܐ, an analytic genitive with ܕ, all three transmitting the same Semitic loan γέεννα/ܓܗܢܐ for the valley of Hinnom.

Mark 9 : 47

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