Mark 11 : 1

The Greek coordinates with καί + temporal ὅτε as two words; the Peshitta fuses conjunction and temporal particle into the single prefixed form ܘܟܕ ('and when'); the Vulgate splits the sense across Et + cum, which jointly render the same coordinated temporal clause.

Greek ἐγγίζουσιν is a present indicative 3rd plural ('they draw near'); the Vulgate appropinquarent is imperfect subjunctive, the normal Latin sequence after temporal cum; the Peshitta ܩܪܒ is a simple perfect form, leaving the plural subject implicit. The verbal aspect and mood differ across all three though the event is identical.

Against the Greek preposition εἰς and against the Vulgate (which lacks any equivalent), the Peshitta inserts the idiomatic phrase ܥܠ ܓܢܒ ('alongside, near the side of'), specifying that the towns lie near Jerusalem rather than that the party entered the city. This is a Syriac topographical clarification with no Greek or Latin counterpart.

Greek Βηθφαγή and Peshitta ܒܝܬ-ܦܓܐ both name Bethphage, but the Clementine Vulgate omits this toponym entirely, retaining only Bethania; this reflects a known Latin textual tradition that drops Bethphage here.

Greek and Latin use the genitive plural (τῶν ἐλαιῶν / Olivarum, 'of the olives/olive-trees'); the Syriac ܕܙܝܬܐ employs the singular collective ('of olive'), a typical Semitic use of the singular for a mass or collective referent.

Greek ἀποστέλλει and Latin mittit are present indicative ('he sends'), the historic present; the Peshitta ܫܕܪ is a perfect ('he sent'), the normal Syriac narrative tense, a routine aspectual shift.