Mark 14 : 37

Greek uses καὶ ἔρχεται (conjunction + verb); Peshitta combines both in the prefixed waw-consecutive form ܘܐܬܐ; Vulgate mirrors Greek structure with Et venit. Semantically equivalent despite morphological differences.

Greek repeats καὶ before εὑρίσκει (paratactic coordination); Peshitta uses asyndetic construction with ܐܫܟܚ (no conjunction); Vulgate follows Greek with et invenit. Stylistic variation in narrative sequencing.

Greek uses accusative participle construction (αὐτοὺς καθεύδοντας); Peshitta employs the temporal particle ܟܕ with active participle (ܟܕ ܕܡܟܝܢ, 'while sleeping'); Vulgate uses accusative + present participle (eos dormientes). All three express contemporaneous action but with different syntactic strategies.

Greek uses τῷ Πέτρῳ ('to Peter') with the article; Peshitta substitutes ܠܟܐܦܐ ('to Cephas'), employing the Aramaic form of Peter's name; Vulgate uses simple Petro without article. The Peshitta's choice reflects Semitic naming conventions and may preserve an earlier Aramaic tradition.

Greek uses simple καθεύδεις ('are you sleeping?'); Peshitta adds the ethical dative ܠܟ ('to you/for yourself') in ܕܡܟܬ ܠܟ, intensifying the personal reproach; Vulgate uses dormis with interrogative punctuation. The Peshitta gloss heightens the rhetorical force of Jesus' question.

Greek uses οὐκ ἴσχυσας ('were you not able?', from ἰσχύω, 'to have strength'); Peshitta uses ܠܐ ܐܫܟܚܬ ('did you not find/manage?', from ܫܟܚ); Vulgate uses non potuisti ('were you not able?', from possum). Peshitta employs a cognate verb with slightly broader semantic range (find/be able) versus Greek/Latin focus on capacity.

Greek uses aorist infinitive γρηγορῆσαι ('to watch'); Peshitta uses the Ethpael infinitive ܠܡܬܬܥܪܘ ('to be awakened/to keep watch'), which carries reflexive/passive nuance; Vulgate uses simple infinitive vigilare. The Peshitta's stem choice emphasizes the disciples' need for self-arousal to vigilance.