Mark 15 : 31

Greek employs three particles (ὁμοίως δὲ καί) for transition and emphasis; Peshitta uses two (ܘܗܟܢܐ ܐܦ, 'and thus also'); Vulgate uses two (Similiter et, 'similarly and'). All convey the same transitional force with stylistic variation.

Greek uses article + noun (οἱ ἀρχιερεῖς, 'the chief priests'); Peshitta employs construct state (ܪܒܝ ܟܗܢܐ, 'chiefs of priests'); Vulgate uses adjective + noun (summi sacerdotes, 'highest priests'). Semantically equivalent, syntactically distinct.

Greek uses present participle (ἐμπαίζοντες, 'mocking'); Peshitta employs active participle with auxiliary verb (ܓܚܟܝܢ ܗܘܘ, 'were mocking'), forming a periphrastic construction; Vulgate uses present participle (illudentes). The Peshitta's periphrastic form emphasizes durative aspect.

Greek πρὸς ἀλλήλους ('among one another') and Vulgate ad alterutrum ('to one another') use reciprocal pronouns; Peshitta employs the idiomatic ܚܕ ܥܡ ܚܕ ('one with one'), a characteristic Syriac construction for reciprocal action.

Greek and Peshitta use imperfect verb forms (ἔλεγον, ܘܐܡܪܝܢ, 'were saying') without punctuation break; Vulgate inserts a colon after dicebant to introduce direct discourse, a Latin stylistic convention for marking quoted speech.

Greek uses simple aorist verb (ἔσωσεν, 'he saved'); Peshitta uses simple perfect (ܐܚܝ, 'he saved'); Vulgate employs periphrastic construction salvos fecit ('he made safe'), a characteristic Latin idiom for expressing the concept of salvation through facere + adjective.

Greek uses negative particle + finite verb + infinitive (οὐ δύναται σῶσαι, 'he is not able to save'); Peshitta mirrors this structure (ܠܐ ܡܫܟܚ ܠܡܚܝܘ); Vulgate employs non potest salvum facere, using the periphrastic salvum facere again and inserting an accusative adjective salvum to agree with the implied object seipsum, a Latin syntactic requirement.