Mark 4 : 31

The Peshitta inserts a copular pronoun ܗܝ between 'grain' (ܦܪܕܬܐ) and 'of mustard' (ܕܚܪܕܠܐ), yielding 'like a grain, it [is] of mustard,' a typical Syriac construction for emphasis. Greek and Latin maintain simple genitive constructions without copula.

The Peshitta employs double copular pronouns (ܗܝ ... ܗܝ) framing the relative clause, a Semitic stylistic feature absent in Greek (ὅς) and Latin (quod), which use simple relative pronouns.

Greek uses a temporal conjunction with aorist subjunctive (ὅταν σπαρῇ); Latin employs cum with perfect subjunctive (cum seminatum fuerit), a periphrastic passive construction; Peshitta uses a temporal particle with ethpeal perfect (ܕܡܐ ܕܐܙܕܪܥܬ), semantically equivalent but syntactically distinct.

Greek uses a comparative adjective with participle (μικρότερον ὂν, 'being smaller'); Latin employs a simple comparative with copula (minus est); Peshitta uses an adjective with copular pronoun (ܙܥܘܪܝܐ ܗܝ), all expressing the same comparative sense through different syntactic strategies.

Greek employs a double-article construction (πάντων τῶν σπερμάτων) with genitive plural; Latin uses omnibus seminibus in ablative of comparison without article; Syriac uses the preposition ܡܢ ('from') with ܟܠܗܘܢ ܙܪܥܘܢܐ, a partitive construction typical of Semitic comparative syntax.

Greek uses an articular participle construction (τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, 'the [ones] upon the earth'); Latin employs a relative clause with copula (quæ sunt in terra); Syriac uses a simple prepositional phrase (ܕܥܠ ܐܪܥܐ) without relative pronoun, achieving the same restrictive sense through different means.

The Vulgate concludes with a colon, signaling continuation to the following verse, whereas Greek and Peshitta manuscripts use a period, treating this as a complete syntactic unit.