Mark 9 : 1

Greek uses a single imperfect ἔλεγεν ('he was saying'); the Peshitta renders the durative aspect periphrastically with ܐܡܪ ܗܘܐ (perfect + enclitic ܗܘܐ), a standard Syriac construction for the imperfect/customary past. The Vulgate dicebat captures the same imperfective force in one word.

The Vulgate separates the dative illis from the following oratio recta with an editorial colon (token 3); Greek marks the same boundary with a raised dot (·) attached to αὐτοῖς·, while Syriac leaves the juncture unpunctuated.

Greek λέγω encodes the first-person subject inflectionally; the Peshitta makes it explicit with the independent pronoun ܐܢܐ ('I') after ܐܡܪ, a normal Syriac analytic construction. The Latin dico parallels the Greek synthetic form without an overt pronoun.

Greek ὅτι and Latin quia introduce the content clause as a conjunction; the Syriac fuses the complementiser with the existential particle as ܕܐܝܬ (relative/complementiser d- + ܐܝܬ 'there is'), so the boundary between 'that' and 'there are' is morphologically merged.

Greek indefinite τινες ('some [persons]') and Latin quidam are pronominal; the Syriac makes the referent concrete with the noun ܐܢܫܐ ('people, men'), an idiomatic specification of the indefinite plural.

Greek uses an articular perfect participle τῶν ἑστηκότων ('of those standing'); the Vulgate mirrors this with a substantival present participle (de hic stantibus), whereas the Peshitta employs a relative clause ܕܩܝܡܝܢ ('who are standing') — a construction-level rather than lexical difference.

Greek employs the emphatic double negation οὐ μή with the aorist subjunctive to express strong future denial ('shall by no means'); the Latin renders it with simple non + future gustabunt, and the Syriac with the relativised negative ܕܠܐ — all conveying emphatic prohibition but with differing negation strategies.

Greek combines the temporal conjunction ἕως with the modal particle ἂν before the subjunctive, marking contingency; both the Syriac ܥܕܡܐ and the Latin donec render the temporal force with a single particle and no separate modal marker.

Greek expresses 'the kingdom' with article + noun (τὴν βασιλείαν) and a following genitive τοῦ θεοῦ; the Syriac compresses the construct into a single suffixed form ܡܠܟܘܬܗ ('his kingdom', with the genitive realised by the pronominal suffix anticipating ܕܐܠܗܐ), a typical Semitic anticipatory-suffix construction.

Greek uses the perfect participle ἐληλυθυῖαν ('having come', stressing completed arrival); the Vulgate present participle veniens reads as 'coming', a slight aspectual shift, while the Syriac finite relative ܕܐܬܬ ('which has come') aligns with the Greek perfective sense.