Mark 13 : 14

Greek aorist subjunctive ἴδητε and Latin perfect subjunctive videritis are both second-person plural; Syriac ܕܚܙܝܬܘܢ likewise carries the plural subject affix. The verdict is minor only because the Syriac prefixes the relative/temporal particle d- to the verb, a typical Aramaic syntactic feature absent in the other two.

The Peshitta supplies ܐܬܐ ('sign/portent') before ܛܢܦܬܐ ('the abomination'), an interpretive expansion absent from both the Greek τὸ βδέλυγμα and the Latin abominationem. The Syriac thereby renders the phrase as 'the sign of the abomination,' softening the bare noun.

The attributive clause τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ Δανιὴλ τοῦ προφήτου ('which was spoken of by Daniel the prophet') is present in the Greek and reproduced in the Peshitta (ܗܝ ܕܐܡܝܪܐ ܒܕܢܝܐܝܠ ܢܒܝܐ), but the Clementine Vulgate omits the entire clause here, agreeing with the shorter text favoured in many witnesses of Mark (the naming of Daniel being often regarded as a harmonisation toward Matt 24:15).

Greek perfect participle ἑστηκότα (masculine, agreeing with the personified abomination) is matched by Latin stantem and Syriac ܕܩܝܡܐ; the Syriac again prefixes the relative d-, giving a relative-clause construction ('that stands') rather than a bare participle.

Greek οὐ δεῖ and Latin non debet express the negated impersonal 'where it ought not.' The Syriac renders this with a doubled negation ܕܠܐ ܘܠܐ, a construction native to Aramaic emphatic negation but with no one-to-one lexical counterpart in the other traditions.

The Vulgate inserts an explicit colon (:) marking the boundary between the parenthetical 'let the reader understand' and the following apodosis. Such punctuation is editorial in the Clementine text and has no token-level equivalent in the Greek or Syriac, though Greek editions mark the pause with a comma.

Greek uses an articular prepositional phrase οἱ ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ ('those in Judea'); Latin renders it as a relative clause qui in Judæa sunt; Syriac employs the double-headed relative construction ܐܝܠܝܢ ܕܒܝܗܘܕ ܐܢܘܢ ('those who in Judea are'). The three are semantically equivalent but syntactically distinct in their handling of the substantivised participle/copula.

Greek εἰς τὰ ὄρη and Latin in montes both use the plural ('to the mountains'); the Syriac ܠܛܘܪܐ is singular ('to the mountain[-range]'), reflecting a common Syriac idiom in which geographic mass-nouns are treated as collective singulars. The trailing Vulgate colon is grouped here as terminal punctuation lacking a counterpart in the other traditions.