Mark 15:18 — Greek / Peshitta / Vulgate aligned

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

substitution All three attest

Greek NT ἀσπάζεσθαι αὐτόν·

Peshitta ܠܡܫܐܠ ܒܫܠܡܗ

Vulgate salutare eum Ave

Greek ἀσπάζεσθαι ('to greet/salute') is rendered in Peshitta as ܠܡܫܐܠ ܒܫܠܡܗ ('to ask in his peace/welfare'), employing the Semitic idiom of inquiring after one's shalom. Latin salutare mirrors the Greek semantic range, while Syriac expands the greeting into a culturally specific construction with the root ܫܠܡ (peace/welfare).

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

lexical All three attest

Greek NT χαῖρε

Peshitta ܫܠܡ

Vulgate rex

Greek χαῖρε (imperative of χαίρω, 'rejoice/hail') corresponds to Syriac ܫܠܡ ('peace') and Latin Ave ('hail'). The Peshitta substitutes the standard Semitic greeting formula (shalom) for the Hellenistic salutation, reflecting cultural-linguistic adaptation rather than semantic divergence.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

grammar All three attest

Greek NT ὁ βασιλεῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων

Peshitta ܡܠܟܐ ܕܝܗܘܕܝܐ

Vulgate Judæorum

Greek employs the vocative article ὁ with vocative βασιλεῦ (a Koine construction), while both Peshitta ܡܠܟܐ and Vulgate rex use simple vocative forms without articles. The genitive constructions (τῶν Ἰουδαίων / ܕܝܗܘܕܝܐ / Judæorum) are semantically equivalent across all three traditions.

Mark 15 : 18

Critical apparatus