Mark 2 : 18

Greek and Latin place the copula ἦσαν / erant at the head of the clause; Syriac postpones ܗܘܘ to follow the participle ܨܝܡܝܢ, yielding a periphrastic construction with inverted word order typical of Syriac syntax.

Greek uses the nominative article οἱ μαθηταὶ Ἰωάννου; Latin omits the article (discipuli Joannis); Syriac employs the emphatic state ܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ with pronominal suffix, preceded by the contrastive particle ܕܝܢ ('but/now'), which has no Greek or Latin equivalent here.

Greek coordinates with καὶ οἱ τῶν Φαρισαῖοι ('and the [disciples] of the Pharisees'), using ellipsis of the repeated noun; Latin mirrors this with et pharisæi; Syriac uses a simple conjunctive ܘܦܪܝܫܐ ('and Pharisees'), omitting the article and the genitive construction, treating the Pharisees as a coordinate subject rather than a possessive phrase.

Greek uses καὶ ἔρχονται ('and they come') as a narrative connective; Vulgate inserts a colon after jejunantes, segmenting the sentence; Syriac ܘܐܬܘ continues without punctuation, maintaining the flow of the periphrastic construction.

Greek uses αὐτῷ with a raised dot (·) for direct discourse; Latin employs illi followed by a colon; Syriac ܠܗ ('to him') has no punctuation marker, relying on context for the discourse boundary.

Greek διὰ τί ('on account of what') is a prepositional phrase; Latin Quare is a single interrogative adverb; Syriac ܠܡܢܐ ('why') is likewise a single lexeme, semantically equivalent but morphologically distinct from the Greek construction.

Greek repeats the full phrase καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ τῶν Φαρισαίων ('and the disciples of the Pharisees'); Latin abbreviates to et pharisæorum (genitive plural, ellipsing 'disciples'); Syriac uses ܘܕܦܪܝܫܐ ('and of the Pharisees'), a genitive construction without repeating 'disciples', paralleling the Latin economy.

Greek uses οἱ δὲ σοὶ μαθηταὶ ('but your disciples'), with the article, adversative particle, and possessive adjective. Latin employs tui autem discipuli, mirroring the Greek structure. Syriac ܘܬܠܡܝܕܝܟ ܕܝܠܟ ('and your disciples, yours') adds the emphatic possessive pronoun ܕܝܠܟ after the suffixed form ܬܠܡܝܕܝܟ, creating a double possessive construction for rhetorical emphasis not present in Greek or Latin.