Mark 12 : 16

Greek and Vulgate place the subject pronoun and conjunction at the beginning of the clause (οἱ δὲ / At illi), while Peshitta defers the subject pronoun and particle (ܗܢܘܢ ܕܝܢ) until after the response verb, reflecting typical Syriac verb-initial word order in narrative.

Greek uses aorist ἤνεγκαν without explicit object pronoun; Peshitta adds the pronominal suffix ܠܗ ('to him') making the indirect object explicit; Vulgate similarly adds ei as dative pronoun, both clarifying the recipient of the brought coin.

Vulgate inserts a colon after illis to mark the beginning of direct speech; neither Greek nor Peshitta manuscripts employ equivalent punctuation at this juncture, though Greek uses a raised dot (·) after αὐτοῖς in some witnesses.

Greek uses genitive interrogative τίνος ('of whom'); Peshitta employs ܕܡܢܘ with the relative particle ܕ prefixed to the interrogative; Vulgate uses possessive adjective Cujus est with explicit copula, making the possessive relationship more explicit than the Greek genitive construction.

Vulgate supplies the copula est ('is') to complete the nominal sentence Cujus est imago, whereas Greek employs a verbless nominal construction (τίνος ἡ εἰκών) and Peshitta likewise omits any copula, both languages allowing zero-copula in present-tense predication.

Greek uses double article construction (ἡ εἰκὼν αὕτη) with demonstrative following the noun; Peshitta uses determined state ܨܠܡܐ with postpositive demonstrative ܗܢܐ; Vulgate uses bare noun imago with demonstrative hæc, all three expressing 'this image' with tradition-specific determiner strategies.

Greek employs article + noun (ἡ ἐπιγραφή) in articular construction; Peshitta uses determined state ܘܟܬܒܐ with coordinating waw; Vulgate uses bare noun inscriptio, reflecting Latin's lack of definite articles and reliance on context for determination.

Vulgate places a question mark after inscriptio to close Jesus's interrogative; Greek uses a semicolon (;) as question marker after ἐπιγραφή; Peshitta manuscripts typically lack formal punctuation at this point, relying on syntactic context to signal the question's end.

Greek uses full nominal subject with conjunction and verb (οἱ δὲ εἶπαν αὐτῷ); Peshitta employs bare verb ܐܡܪܘ with plural inflection encoding the subject; Vulgate uses Dicunt ei with third-person plural verb and dative pronoun, all three expressing 'they said to him' with varying degrees of explicitness.

Vulgate inserts a colon before Cæsaris to mark the beginning of the respondents' direct speech; Greek and Peshitta lack equivalent punctuation, with Greek using a raised dot after αὐτῷ in some manuscripts.