Mark 15 : 35

Greek expresses 'those standing by' with an articular perfect participle (τῶν παρεστηκότων) and Latin with a single substantival participle (circumstantibus); Syriac unfolds the same idea analytically as ܡܢ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܩܝܡܝܢ ('of those who are standing'), employing a preposition, demonstrative, and relative-marked participle.

The participle of hearing (ἀκούσαντες / audientes) follows its head in Greek and Latin, but in Syriac the relative-clause ܕܫܡܥܘ ('who heard') is fronted directly after ܐܢܫܝܢ, reordering the act of hearing before the description of standing by.

Greek ἔλεγον and Latin dicebant are single imperfect verb-forms; Syriac renders the durative past periphrastically with the active participle ܐܡܪܝܢ plus the enclitic auxiliary ܗܘܘ ('they were saying'), the standard Syriac analytic equivalent of the imperfect.

The presentative interjection ἴδε / Ecce ('behold') is attested in the Greek and Latin but has no counterpart in the Peshitta, which proceeds directly to the report of speech; Syriac frequently drops such deictic particles when the verb of saying already introduces direct discourse.

The Clementine Vulgate marks the boundary between the verb of speaking and the direct quotation with an explicit colon, a printed editorial feature absent from the unpunctuated transmission of the Greek and Syriac witnesses.

Greek φωνεῖ and Latin vocat denote 'he calls/summons'; Syriac ܩܪܐ (root q-r-a) likewise means 'to call/summon' and is the natural cognate rendering, though its semantic range also embraces 'to read/recite', a nuance not present in the Greek verb here.