Mark 15:4 — 希腊文 / 别西大 / 武加大对齐

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omission Two witnesses

Greek NT Ὁ

Peshitta ܗܘ

Greek includes the article ὁ with δέ; Vulgate omits the article (Latin lacks articles); Peshitta uses the demonstrative pronoun ܗܘ ('he'), which functions as both article and pronoun in Syriac syntax.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT Πιλᾶτος

Peshitta ܦܝܠܛܘܣ

Vulgate Pilatus

Vulgate places 'Pilatus' in initial position before the conjunction 'autem', whereas Greek and Peshitta follow the conjunction-then-subject pattern typical of Semitic and Koine narrative style.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ἐπηρώτα αὐτὸν

Peshitta ܫܐܠܗ

Vulgate interrogavit eum

Greek uses imperfect ἐπηρώτα with separate object pronoun αὐτόν; Peshitta incorporates the pronominal suffix directly onto the verb ܫܐܠܗ ('asked-him'); Vulgate uses perfect interrogavit with separate object eum, reflecting Latin's preference for perfective aspect in historical narrative.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT λέγων·

Peshitta ܘܐܡܪ ܠܗ

Vulgate dicens Non

Greek employs the present participle λέγων without explicit object; Peshitta uses finite verb ܘܐܡܪ ('and-he-said') with prepositional object ܠܗ ('to-him'); Vulgate uses present participle dicens with colon punctuation, all expressing the same quotative function with slight syntactic variation.

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substitution All three attest

Greek NT οὐκ ἀποκρίνῃ οὐδέν; ἴδε

Peshitta ܠܐ ܡܦܢܐ ܐܢܬ ܦܬܓܡܐ

Vulgate respondes quidquam vide in

Greek uses double negative οὐκ ἀποκρίνῃ οὐδέν ('not answer nothing') with imperative ἴδε; Peshitta renders ܠܐ ܡܦܢܐ ܐܢܬ ܦܬܓܡܐ ('not answering you a-word'), making the subject pronoun ܐܢܬ explicit and using the noun ܦܬܓܡܐ ('word/matter') instead of the neuter pronoun; Vulgate uses Non respondes quidquam ('not answer anything') with interrogative punctuation rather than imperative, fundamentally altering the rhetorical force from command to question.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT πόσα σου κατηγοροῦσιν.¶

Peshitta ܚܙܝ ܟܡܐ ܡܣܗܕܝܢ ܥܠܝܟ

Vulgate quantis te accusant

Greek uses interrogative πόσα with genitive pronoun σου and verb κατηγοροῦσιν in simple accusative construction; Peshitta employs ܟܡܐ ܡܣܗܕܝܢ ܥܠܝܟ ('how-many testifying against-you'), using the preposition ܥܠܝܟ for the accusation target; Vulgate inserts preposition 'in' before quantis, creating the construction 'in quantis te accusant' ('in how many things they accuse you'), which is more emphatic than the Greek direct object construction.

Mark 15 : 4

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