Mark 3 : 22

Greek marks the subject with article + plural noun (οἱ γραμματεῖς); the Peshitta encodes the conjunction and noun in a single inflected form ܘܣܦܪܐ (from root s-p-r, cognate with Hebrew סֵפֶר); Latin scribæ stands alone. The article (idx 1) has no separate equivalent in the other traditions and is absorbed into the noun phrase.

Greek uses an articular participial attributive (οἱ ἀπὸ Ἱεροσολύμων καταβάντες, 'those having come down from Jerusalem'); the Vulgate renders this with a relative clause plus pluperfect (qui ... descenderant); the Peshitta employs the relative pronoun ܐܝܠܝܢ with ܕܡܢ ܐܘܪܫܠܡ but defers the verb of descent to the next group — semantically equivalent constructions of attributive subordination.

Greek imperfect ἔλεγον ('were saying') and Latin imperfect dicebant both convey durative past speech; the Peshitta uses the periphrastic construction ܐܡܪܝܢ ܗܘܘ (participle ܐܡܪܝܢ from root a-m-r + auxiliary ܗܘܘ from h-w-a), the standard Syriac means of expressing continuous past action. Note also that the Peshitta verb of descent ܢܚܬܘ (idx 4, root n-kh-th) falls within this span though it logically belongs with the prior 'came down from Jerusalem' clause.

Greek recitative ὅτι introduces the direct quotation without separate punctuation; the Vulgate makes the speech-boundary explicit with a colon (idx 7) followed by Quoniam (idx 8). The Peshitta marks the quotation purely by syntax with no equivalent particle, hence no aligned token here.

Greek and Latin transliterate the demon-name as Βεελζεβούλ / Beelzebub respectively (the Greek -οὺλ vs. Latin -ub reflecting differing Vorlagen for the final consonant), while the Syriac ܒܥܠܙܒܘܒ preserves the -b form matching the Vulgate and the Hebrew 'Baal-zebub' tradition of 2 Kings 1:2.

Greek and Latin use a transitive 'have' (ἔχει / habet) with Beelzebul as object ('he has Beelzebul'); the Peshitta restructures with the existential particle ܐܝܬ plus the prepositional ܒܗ ('there is [Beelzebul] in him'), the idiomatic Syriac means of predicating possession or indwelling.

Greek instrumental ἐν τῷ ἄρχοντι ('by the prince') with preposition + article + noun is matched by Latin in principe; the Peshitta condenses the conjunction, preposition, and noun into the single form ܘܒܪܫܐ (root r-sh-a, 'head/chief', cognate with Hebrew רֹאשׁ), using the native term for 'chief' rather than a loan for ἄρχων.

Greek and Latin use the articular/explicit plural object (τὰ δαιμόνια / dæmonia, 'the demons'); the Peshitta ܕܝܘܐ (root d-y-w) is morphologically unmarked for the plural here and lacks any article, a typical Syriac economy where number is inferred from context. The Greek article (idx 19) has no counterpart in the other versions.