Mark 4 : 39

Greek διεγερθείς ('having been awoken') is a passive participle implying Jesus was roused from sleep; the Vulgate exsurgens ('rising up') and the Peshitta ܘܩܡ ('and he arose', root q-w-m) both render the act as simple rising, losing the nuance of awakening from sleep present in the Greek. The Syriac ܘܩܡ is moreover bound to the preceding conjunction and serves a single finite verb where Greek employs a participle.

Greek uses the dative article + noun τῷ ἀνέμῳ and Latin the bare dative vento; the Peshitta ܒܪܘܚܐ marks the object of rebuke with the preposition ܒ ('against the wind'), a typical Syriac complementation of verbs of rebuking, whereas Greek and Latin govern a plain dative.

Greek πεφίμωσο is a perfect passive imperative ('be muzzled and stay so'), conveying a state to be entered and maintained; the Vulgate obmutesce is a present imperative and the Peshitta renders it analytically as ܙܓܝܪ ܐܢܬ ('you are silenced/restrained', passive participle + enclitic pronoun), reproducing the stative force of the Greek perfect through a periphrastic construction.

Greek ἐκόπασεν (κοπάζω, 'grew weary/abated') and Latin cessavit ('ceased') describe the wind's subsiding with active verbs; the Peshitta ܘܫܠܝܬ (root sh-l-y, 'became calm/still') reuses the same root just employed for the command ܫܠܝ, creating a deliberate lexical echo between Jesus' word to the sea and the wind's obedience that is absent in Greek and Latin.

Greek γαλήνη and Latin tranquillitas both denote 'calm/stillness' of the sea; the Peshitta ܢܘܚܐ (root n-w-kh, 'rest, repose') is the cognate of the verb 'to rest', selecting a notion of restful quiet rather than the specifically nautical calm of the Greek term, though the semantic overlap is broad.