Mark 8:33 — 希腊文 / 别西大 / 武加大对齐

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ὁ δὲ

Peshitta ܗܘ ܕܝܢ

Vulgate Qui

Greek uses article + δέ (ὁ δέ) for subject-marking and transition; Peshitta employs pronoun + particle (ܗܘ ܕܝܢ); Vulgate uses relative pronoun Qui alone, absorbing both functions into a single lexeme.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT καὶ ἰδὼν

Peshitta ܘܚܪ

Vulgate et videns

Greek coordinates two participles with καί (ἐπιστραφεὶς καὶ ἰδών); Vulgate mirrors this with et videns; Peshitta uses asyndetic coordination (ܘܚܪ, 'and he saw') without repeating the conjunction, a typical Syriac stylistic compression.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ

Peshitta ܒܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ

Vulgate discipulos suos

Greek employs article + noun + possessive pronoun (τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ); Vulgate uses noun + possessive adjective (discipulos suos); Peshitta attaches the pronominal suffix directly to the noun (ܒܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ, 'in-his-disciples'), reflecting standard Semitic possessive morphology.

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substitution All three attest

Greek NT ἐπετίμησεν τῷ Πέτρῳ

Peshitta ܘܟܐܐ ܒܫܡܥܘܢ

Vulgate comminatus est Petro

Greek uses ἐπετίμησεν τῷ Πέτρῳ ('he rebuked Peter') with dative object; Peshitta reads ܘܟܐܐ ܒܫܡܥܘܢ ('and he rebuked Simeon'), employing the Semitic name form; Vulgate expands to comminatus est Petro ('he threatened Peter'), using a stronger verb (comminor) than the Greek ἐπιτιμάω, though both convey stern rebuke.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT καὶ λέγει·

Peshitta ܘܐܡܪ

Vulgate dicens Vade

Greek uses conjunction + historical present (καὶ λέγει); Vulgate employs present participle dicens; Peshitta uses simple perfect ܘܐܡܪ ('and he said'), converting the vivid present to narrative past, a common Peshitta tendency.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου

Peshitta ܙܠ ܠܟ ܠܒܣܬܪܝ

Vulgate retro me Satana

Greek orders ὕπαγε ὀπίσω μου ('go behind me'); Vulgate mirrors this as Vade retro me; Peshitta reads ܙܠ ܠܟ ܠܒܣܬܪܝ ('go to-you to-my-back'), inserting the ethical dative ܠܟ (untranslated in Greek/Latin) for emphasis, a Syriac idiom.

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gloss All three attest

Greek NT οὐ φρονεῖς

Peshitta ܕܠܐ ܪܢܐ ܐܢܬ

Vulgate sapis quæ

Greek uses negated verb οὐ φρονεῖς ('you do not think'); Vulgate non sapis mirrors this; Peshitta reads ܕܠܐ ܪܢܐ ܐܢܬ ('that not you-think you'), adding the independent pronoun ܐܢܬ for subject emphasis, a common Syriac clarification absent in Greek and Latin.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ

Peshitta ܕܐܠܗܐ

Vulgate Dei sunt sed

Greek uses double article construction τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ('the [things] of God'); Vulgate employs relative clause quæ Dei sunt ('which are of God'); Peshitta uses simple genitive ܕܐܠܗܐ ('of God'), omitting the substantivizing article, relying on context to supply 'things'.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων

Peshitta ܕܒܢܝ ܐܢܫܐ

Vulgate sunt hominum

Greek uses double article τὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ('the [things] of men'); Vulgate employs relative clause quæ sunt hominum ('which are of men'); Peshitta reads ܕܒܢܝ ܐܢܫܐ ('of sons-of man'), using the idiomatic Semitic construct phrase for 'humanity' and omitting the substantivizing article.

Mark 8 : 33

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