Mark 14 : 11

Greek uses an aorist participle ἀκούσαντες (nominative plural masculine); Vulgate mirrors this with the participle audientes; Peshitta employs a temporal clause ܟܕ ܫܡܥܘ ('when they heard'), converting the participial construction into a finite verb with subordinating particle—a typical Syriac syntactic preference.

Greek ἐχάρησαν is a simple aorist indicative ('they rejoiced'); Peshitta ܚܕܝܘ matches this with a simple perfect; Vulgate uses the perfect participle gavisi sunt (periphrastic construction with auxiliary), a Latin stylistic preference for expressing completed action.

Vulgate inserts a colon after gavisi sunt, creating a stronger pause before the promise clause; Greek and Peshitta use simple conjunction καί / ܘ without punctuation break, maintaining smoother narrative flow.

Greek uses aorist middle ἐπηγγείλαντο + dative αὐτῷ + accusative ἀργύριον + infinitive δοῦναι ('they promised him to give money'); Peshitta ܘܐܫܬܘܕܝܘ ܟܣܦܐ ܕܢܬܠܘܢ ܠܗ mirrors this with Ethpael + object + purpose clause; Vulgate promiserunt ei pecuniam se daturos inserts reflexive pronoun se and uses future active participle daturos (accusative agreeing with implied subject), creating an indirect discourse construction typical of classical Latin.

Greek ἐζήτει is imperfect indicative ('he was seeking'); Vulgate quærebat mirrors this with Latin imperfect; Peshitta ܘܒܥܐ ܗܘܐ uses periphrastic construction (active participle + auxiliary ܗܘܐ) to express progressive past action, a standard Syriac method for rendering Greek imperfect aspect.

Greek πῶς αὐτὸν εὐκαίρως παραδοῖ places the adverb εὐκαίρως before the verb; Vulgate quomodo illum opportune traderet mirrors this order exactly; Peshitta ܠܗ ܦܠܥܐ ܕܢܫܠܡܝܘܗܝ ('for him an opportunity that he might betray him') restructures the clause with ܠܗ (ethical dative) + ܦܠܥܐ ('opportunity' as object of seeking) + purpose clause, converting the adverb into a substantive—a semantic equivalence achieved through syntactic reanalysis.