Mark 14:38 — 希臘文 / 別西大 / 武加大對齊

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ἵνα μὴ

Peshitta ܕܠܐ

Vulgate ut non

Greek expresses purpose with ἵνα μή (two words), Latin with ut non, while Syriac compresses both into the single negative-final particle ܕܠܐ ('that-not'); semantically equivalent but morphologically univerbated in Syriac.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT εἰς πειρασμόν

Peshitta ܠܢܣܝܘܢܐ

Vulgate in tentationem

Greek (εἰς πειρασμόν) and Latin (in tentationem) use a preposition + accusative noun, whereas Syriac marks the goal with the proclitic ܠ- on ܠܢܣܝܘܢܐ ('into temptation'); the constructions are functionally identical, differing only in how directionality is encoded.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT τὸ μὲν πνεῦμα

Peshitta ܪܘܚܐ

Vulgate Spiritus quidem

Greek frames the antithesis with the article + correlative particle (τὸ μὲν πνεῦμα), echoed by Latin Spiritus quidem; Syriac renders only ܪܘܚܐ ('the spirit') without an explicit concessive particle, leaving the antithetical force to be carried by the later ܐܠܐ.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT πρόθυμον

Peshitta ܨܒܝܐ ܘܡܛܝܒܐ

Vulgate promptus est

Greek πρόθυμον and Latin promptus est render the predicate with a single adjective, but the Peshitta employs a hendiadys ܨܒܝܐ ܘܡܛܝܒܐ ('willing and ready/prepared'), a characteristic Syriac amplification of a single Greek lexeme into a coordinated pair.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ἡ δὲ

Peshitta ܐܠܐ

Vulgate caro vero

The adversative is expressed by the postpositive δέ in Greek and vero in Latin, both with an accompanying article (ἡ), whereas Syriac uses the stronger fronted adversative conjunction ܐܠܐ ('but/rather'), heightening the contrast between spirit and flesh.

Mark 14 : 38

批判性批註