Mark 14 : 40

Greek places πάλιν ('again') before the participle ἐλθών, while Peshitta reverses the order (ܘܗܦܟ ܐܬܐ ܬܘܒ, 'and he returned, came again') and Vulgate uses reversus denuo. All three traditions convey the same sense of Jesus returning a second time, but with different syntactic arrangements of the adverb and verb.

Greek uses a present participle καθεύδοντας ('sleeping') as a complement to εὗρεν; Vulgate mirrors this with dormientes. Peshitta employs the temporal particle ܟܕ ('while/when') + active participle ܕܡܟܝܢ, creating an explicit circumstantial clause—a characteristic Syriac construction for expressing simultaneous action.

Greek uses a periphrastic construction ἦσαν...καταβαρυνόμενοι ('were being weighed down') with the article οἱ before ὀφθαλμοί. Vulgate simplifies to erant...gravati (perfect passive participle). Peshitta uses ܝܩܝܪܢ ܗܘܝ ('were heavy'), a stative construction without the passive voice morphology, and incorporates the possessive pronoun directly into ܕܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ ('their eyes') rather than using a separate genitive phrase.

Greek uses the pluperfect ᾔδεισαν ('they had [not] known') with an aorist subjunctive ἀποκριθῶσιν in indirect deliberation. Peshitta employs a periphrastic construction ܝܕܥܝܢ ܗܘܘ ('they were knowing') with the imperfect ܢܐܡܪܘܢ, while Vulgate uses the simple imperfect ignorabant with the imperfect subjunctive responderent. All three convey the disciples' inability to formulate a response, but with different aspectual and modal nuances.