Mark 14 : 58

Greek ὅτι and Latin Quoniam both introduce the causal clause, but the Peshitta omits an explicit causal conjunction, relying instead on the relative particle ܕ (d-) prefixed to the verb ܫܡܥܢܝܗܝ to convey the subordinate relationship. This is a typical Syriac syntactic pattern.

Greek uses a finite verb ἠκούσαμεν with genitive pronoun αὐτοῦ (heard him), Latin mirrors this with audivimus eum, while Syriac employs a single verbal form ܫܡܥܢܝܗܝ with pronominal suffix -ܝܗܝ encoding both the verb and its object. This reflects Syriac's agglutinative morphology versus Greek/Latin analytic syntax.

Greek employs a present participle λέγοντος with recitative ὅτι, Latin uses the present participle dicentem with colon punctuation, while Syriac uses the relative particle ܕ with the perfect verb ܐܡܪ. All three convey indirect discourse, but through different syntactic strategies: Greek participle + conjunction, Latin participle + punctuation, Syriac relative clause.

The Vulgate inserts a colon to mark the transition to direct speech, a punctuation convention absent in the Greek and Peshitta manuscript traditions. This reflects Latin scribal practice rather than a textual variant.

Greek places the article-noun-demonstrative sequence τὸν ναὸν τοῦτον, Latin follows with templum hoc (noun-demonstrative), while Syriac uses ܗܝܟܠܐ ܗܢܐ (noun-demonstrative). The Greek article has no direct equivalent in Syriac or Latin; all three traditions agree on the demonstrative's attributive function.

Greek uses the articular adjective τὸν χειροποίητον (the [one] made-with-hands) as an attributive modifier, Latin employs the prepositional phrase manu factum (made by hand), and Syriac uses the relative construction ܕܥܒܝܕ ܒܐܝܕܝܐ (that is made by hands). All three convey the same semantic content through different syntactic structures: Greek compound adjective, Latin ablative of means, Syriac relative clause with prepositional phrase.

Greek διὰ τριῶν ἡμερῶν (through three days) uses a genitive construction, Latin per triduum employs the accusative noun triduum (a three-day period), while Syriac ܘܠܬܠܬܐ ܝܘܡܝܢ (and for three days) uses the preposition ܠ with cardinal number and plural noun. The Vulgate's triduum is a specialized temporal noun; the Peshitta's ܠ can express both duration and terminus, creating slight ambiguity compared to Greek διά.

Greek uses the single compound adjective ἀχειροποίητον (not-made-with-hands), Latin employs the negated prepositional phrase non manu factum (not made by hand), and Syriac uses the negative particle ܕܠܐ with the passive participle ܥܒܝܕ and prepositional phrase ܒܐܝܕܝܐ (that is not made by hands). The Greek alpha-privative compound is rendered analytically in both Latin and Syriac, with Syriac using a full relative clause structure.

Greek οἰκοδομήσω (future indicative) and Latin ædificabo (future indicative) both use synthetic future forms, while Syriac ܒܢܐ ܐܢܐ employs the same periphrastic construction (participle + pronoun) seen earlier with ܫܪܐ ܐܢܐ. The Peshitta consistently uses this participial periphrasis for both verbs of destruction and construction, creating structural parallelism absent in the Greek and Latin.