Mark 14:61 — 希臘文 / 別西大 / 武加大對齊

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ἐσιώπα

Peshitta ܫܬܝܩ ܗܘܐ

Vulgate tacebat

Greek uses imperfect ἐσιώπα (simple verb); Peshitta employs periphrastic construction ܫܬܝܩ ܗܘܐ (participle + auxiliary 'was'); Vulgate uses imperfect tacebat. All three express continuous past action, but Syriac prefers the analytic construction typical of its verbal system.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνατο οὐδέν

Peshitta ܘܡܕܡ ܠܐ ܥܢܝܗܝ

Vulgate et nihil respondit

Greek places the conjunction καὶ before the negation (καὶ οὐκ ἀπεκρίνατο οὐδέν); Peshitta inverts to ܘܡܕܡ ܠܐ ܥܢܝܗܝ (literally 'and anything not he-answered-him'), fronting the object for emphasis; Vulgate follows Greek word order (et nihil respondit). The double negation in Greek (οὐκ...οὐδέν) is standard Koine idiom, whereas Syriac uses single negation with fronted indefinite.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς

Peshitta ܪܒ ܟܗܢܐ

Vulgate summus sacerdos

Greek uses article + noun (ὁ ἀρχιερεύς); Peshitta employs construct state ܪܒ ܟܗܢܐ ('chief-of priests'), the standard Semitic genitive construction; Vulgate uses adjective + noun (summus sacerdos). All three denote 'high priest' but reflect distinct morphosyntactic strategies.

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ἐπηρώτα αὐτὸν

Peshitta ܫܐܠܗ

Vulgate interrogabat eum

Greek and Vulgate place the verb before the object pronoun (ἐπηρώτα αὐτόν / interrogabat eum); Peshitta uses verb-suffix conjugation ܫܐܠܗ with pronominal object incorporated into the verbal form, appearing earlier in the clause sequence due to the conjunction ܘܬܘܒ governing the entire verbal phrase.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

punctuation All three attest

Greek NT καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ·

Peshitta ܘܐܡܪ

Vulgate et dixit ei Tu

Greek uses καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ with punctuation mark (colon in modern editions); Peshitta compresses to single verb ܘܐܡܪ ('and he-said'); Vulgate expands with et dixit ei followed by explicit colon punctuation. The Vulgate's punctuation is a later scribal convention, while Peshitta's economy reflects Semitic narrative style where speech verbs often stand alone.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT σὺ εἶ

Peshitta ܐܢܬ ܗܘ

Vulgate es Christus

Greek uses emphatic pronoun σὺ + verb εἶ; Peshitta employs ܐܢܬ ܗܘ (literally 'you he-[is]'), a nominal sentence with independent pronoun + copula pronoun, standard Syriac syntax for emphasis; Vulgate mirrors Greek with Tu es. Both Greek and Latin use verbal copula, while Syriac uses pronominal copula construction.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ εὐλογητοῦ;

Peshitta ܒܪܗ ܕܡܒܪܟܐ

Vulgate Dei benedicti

Greek uses double article construction (ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ εὐλογητοῦ) with substantivized adjective; Peshitta employs construct chain ܒܪܗ ܕܡܒܪܟܐ ('son-of the-blessed-one') without article (Syriac lacks definite article in construct); Vulgate uses Filius Dei benedicti, inserting explicit Dei ('of God') not present in Greek or Syriac, likely a clarifying gloss. The Vulgate addition represents theological interpretation making the divine reference explicit.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

punctuation Vulgate only

Vulgate includes explicit question mark, a Latin scribal convention not present in Greek or Syriac manuscripts of this period.

Mark 14 : 61

批判性批註