Mark 15 : 39

Greek uses aorist participle ἰδών ('having seen'); Peshitta employs temporal particle ܟܕ + perfect ܚܙܐ ('when he saw'), a characteristic Syriac construction for subordinate temporal clauses. Vulgate mirrors Greek with gerund Videns.

Greek employs double article construction (ὁ κεντυρίων ὁ παρεστηκώς) with substantival participle; Peshitta and Vulgate use single determiner with relative clause construction, reflecting their respective syntactic norms.

Greek ἐξ ἐναντίας αὐτοῦ ('from opposite of him') and Latin ex adverso ('from opposite') use prepositional phrases; Peshitta ܠܘܬܗ ('toward him') employs a different spatial preposition, though all three convey the centurion's position facing Jesus at the cross.

Greek ἐξέπνευσεν ('he breathed out') and Latin expirasset (pluperfect subjunctive 'had expired') denote death; Peshitta ܘܫܠܡ ('and he was completed/finished') uses a Semitic idiom for death, cognate with Hebrew שָׁלֵם, emphasizing completion rather than breath.

Greek uses raised dot (·) after εἶπεν; Vulgate employs colon (:) to introduce direct speech; Peshitta has no explicit punctuation marker, relying on syntactic context. All three introduce the centurion's confession identically in function.

Greek οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος uses demonstrative + article + noun (three-word construction); Peshitta ܗܢܐ ܓܒܪܐ and Vulgate hic homo use demonstrative + noun (two-word construction). Greek article is anaphoric, emphasizing 'this particular man'; Syriac and Latin lack definite articles.

Greek places copula ἦν sentence-finally; Peshitta positions ܗܘܐ between ܒܪܗ ('son') and ܕܐܠܗܐ ('of God'), splitting the genitive construction; Vulgate places erat finally like Greek. All three use imperfect/past tense, affirming Jesus' divine sonship in retrospect.