Mark 3:16 — 希臘文 / 別西大 / 武加大對齊

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construction All three attest

Greek NT καὶ

Peshitta ܘܫܡܝ

Vulgate Et

The Greek opens with a coordinating καί introducing the entire appointment clause, and the Vulgate matches with Et. In the Peshitta the initial waw is fused into the verb ܘܫܡܝ ('and he named'), so the conjunction is morphologically bound rather than standing as a separate token.

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omission Greek NT only

Greek NT ἐποίησεν τοὺς δώδεκα καὶ

The Greek clause καὶ ἐποίησεν τοὺς δώδεκα ('and he appointed the Twelve') is entirely absent from both the Peshitta and the Clementine Vulgate at this point. Both versions begin directly with the renaming of Simon, reflecting a different versification/segmentation in which the appointment of the Twelve is treated in the preceding verse (cf. Mark 3:14).

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construction All three attest

Greek NT ἐπέθηκεν ὄνομα

Peshitta ܘܫܡܝ

Vulgate imposuit nomen

Greek expresses the act with the verb ἐπέθηκεν ('he placed upon') plus the accusative object ὄνομα, and the Vulgate distributes this across imposuit ... nomen. The Peshitta compresses the verb of giving into ܘܫܡܝ (denominative from ܫܡ 'name', 'he named'), with the noun ܫܡܐ supplied separately, yielding a cognate-internal-object idiom.

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lexical All three attest

Greek NT Πέτρον

Peshitta ܟܐܦܐ

Vulgate Petrus

Greek and Latin render the new name with the Hellenised/Latinised form Πέτρον / Petrus ('rock'), whereas the Peshitta preserves the original Aramaic ܟܐܦܐ (Kepha, 'rock/stone'), the very word underlying the Greek translation. This is a translational rather than semantic divergence, the Syriac retaining the Semitic substratum behind the name.

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punctuation Vulgate only

The Clementine Vulgate marks the close of the renaming clause with a colon, anticipating the continuation of the apostolic list. Neither the Greek (which uses a comma) nor the Peshitta supplies an equivalent terminal colon at this point.

Mark 3 : 16

批判性批註