Mark 3 : 17

Greek καί and Latin et open the clause with an explicit coordinating conjunction; the Syriac prefixes the conjunction ܘ proclitically onto ܘܠܝܥܩܘܒ ('and to James'), so no separate token exists. The verdict is minor as the coordination is fully preserved morphologically.

Greek expresses sonship by a double article construction (τὸν τοῦ Ζεβεδαίου, 'the [son] of Zebedee') with no overt noun; Syriac makes the relationship explicit with ܒܪ ('son of') before ܙܒܕܝ, while the Vulgate compresses to the bare genitive Zebedæi. The three render an identical kinship relation through differing syntactic strategies.

As before, Greek and Latin use the standalone conjunction (καί / et), whereas Syriac attaches the conjunctive ܘ to ܘܝܘܚܢܢ. Coordination is preserved across all witnesses.

Greek καί and Latin et introduce the main verbal clause; Syriac begins the verb ܣܡ asyndetically here, having no proclitic conjunction on it. A purely syntactic divergence with no semantic loss.

Greek ἐπέθηκεν ('he laid/imposed upon') and Latin imposuit faithfully render the compound notion of placing a name upon someone; Syriac uses the simple verb ܣܡ ('he set/placed'), a less marked lexical choice lacking the prepositional prefix. The sense of name-giving is identical.

The transliterated name appears as Βοανηργές / Boanerges in Greek and Latin, but the Peshitta gives ܒܢܝ-ܪܓܫܝ, evidently preserving an Aramaic substratum closer to bĕnê regesh/ragšî. This reflects the Syriac tradition's access to a Semitic form behind the Greek transliteration rather than a mere phonetic copy.

The Clementine Vulgate marks the explanatory clause with a colon, a punctuation feature absent from the Greek and Syriac token streams here (the Greek closes the verse with a high point on βροντῆς·). Editorial punctuation only, with no bearing on the text's sense.