Mark 8 : 17

Greek places the conjunction καὶ before the participle γνούς; Peshitta inverts the order with ܕܝܢ (dēn, 'but/now') following the subject ܝܫܘܥ; Vulgate uses an ablative absolute construction (Quo cognito) without explicit conjunction. All three convey Jesus' awareness, but with different syntactic strategies.

Greek employs article + noun (ὁ Ἰησοῦς) in standard post-participial position; Peshitta places ܝܫܘܥ at the head of the clause before ܕܝܢ; Vulgate positions Jesus at the end of the ablative absolute phrase. Stylistic variation with no semantic difference.

Greek τί διαλογίζεσθε uses an implied second-person subject; Peshitta makes the subject explicit with ܐܢܬܘܢ (antōn, 'you [pl.]') following the verb ܪܢܝܢ; Vulgate cogitatis likewise has an implicit subject. The Peshitta addition is a typical Semitic clarification strategy.

Greek uses ὅτι + negated verb (ἄρτους οὐκ ἔχετε); Peshitta employs the negative existential particle ܠܝܬ (layt, 'there is not') with dative ܠܟܘܢ ('to you'), a standard Syriac idiom for possession; Vulgate mirrors the Greek structure with quia panes non habetis. Semantically equivalent but syntactically distinct constructions.

Greek οὔπω νοεῖτε ('not yet do you perceive') is rendered in Peshitta with an expanded temporal phrase ܠܐ ܥܕܡܐ ܠܗܫܐ ܝܕܥܝܢ ܐܢܬܘܢ ('not until now do you know'), adding ܥܕܡܐ ܠܗܫܐ ('until now') for emphasis and again making the subject ܐܢܬܘܢ explicit. Vulgate nondum cognoscetis uses future tense rather than present, a notable shift in aspect.

Greek οὐδὲ συνίετε ('nor do you understand') with implicit subject; Peshitta ܘܠܐ ܡܣܬܟܠܝܢ ܐܢܬܘܢ again supplies the explicit pronoun ܐܢܬܘܢ; Vulgate nec intelligitis follows Greek structure. Consistent Peshitta pattern of pronominal clarification.

Greek ἔτι ('still'), Peshitta ܥܕܟܝܠ ('adkīl, 'still/yet'), and Vulgate adhuc are cognate temporal adverbs with identical function, representing standard lexical equivalents across the three traditions.