Mark 12 : 16

Greek frames the subject explicitly with article + adversative particle (οἱ δὲ, 'but they'), echoed by Latin At illi; the Peshitta integrates subject and verb into the inflected form ܘܐܝܬܝܘ ('and-they-brought-it'), with the conjunction ܘ replacing the adversative nuance of δέ.

Greek uses the vivid historic present λέγει and Latin the present ait, whereas the Peshitta employs the simple perfect ܐܡܪ ('he said'); Syriac lacks the narrative present-tense device, normalising to past.

The Clementine Vulgate inserts a colon marking direct speech, a feature absent from the unpunctuated Greek and Syriac textual traditions transmitted here.

Greek τίνος is a bare interrogative genitive; the Peshitta ܕܡܢܘ fuses the relative/genitive particle ܕ with the interrogative ('whose-is-it'), and Latin Cujus est supplies an explicit copula est.

The Latin verb est ('is') makes the copula explicit; Greek leaves it understood within the interrogative clause, and the Syriac encodes it inside the fused form ܕܡܢܘ.

The interrogative force is carried by the question mark embedded in Greek ἐπιγραφή; and rendered as a separate token in the Vulgate; the Peshitta transmits no punctuation, leaving the interrogation implicit.

Greek and Syriac both reintroduce the subject with article/pronoun plus adversative particle (οἱ δέ / ܗܢܘܢ ܕܝܢ, 'but they'); the Latin omits an explicit subject pronoun here, relying on the third-plural verb form alone.

Greek aorist εἶπαν and Syriac perfect ܐܡܪܘ render past narration, but the Latin Dicunt is a historic present mirroring the present ait above; the traditions differ in their tense-aspect handling of the dialogue verbs.

Greek αὐτῷ and Latin ei express the indirect object ('to him'); the Peshitta omits any pronoun after ܐܡܪܘ, a permissible Syriac ellipsis when the addressee is contextually clear.

A second Vulgate colon introduces the reported reply; this discourse-marking punctuation has no counterpart in the Greek or Syriac witnesses.