Mark 4 : 17

The negation is fused into the Syriac existential particle ܘܠܝܬ ('and there is not'), which simultaneously renders the Greek conjunction καί, the negative οὐκ, and the verb ἔχουσιν; Greek and Latin keep these as discrete lexemes.

Greek ἔχουσιν and Latin habent are finite transitive verbs ('they have'), whereas Syriac expresses possession periphrastically with the existential particle plus the dative pronoun ܠܗܘܢ ('to them'), a standard Semitic possessive construction lacking a dedicated verb 'to have'.

Greek ἐν ἑαυτοῖς and Latin in se render the reflexive 'in themselves' with preposition plus reflexive pronoun, while Syriac compresses this into the single prepositional-suffixed form ܒܢܦܫܗܘܢ (literally 'in their soul[s]'), using ܢܦܫܐ as the reflexive marker per Semitic idiom.

Greek πρόσκαιροι ('temporary') is a single adjective, but Syriac periphrasically renders the notion with a genitive construction ܕܙܒܢܐ ('of time, transient'); Latin temporales is a direct lexical match to the Greek adjective.

Greek εἶτα ('then') and Latin deinde are temporal adverbs marking sequence; Syriac employs ܘܡܐ ('and when'), introducing a temporal clause rather than a discourse adverb, a construction-level reformulation.

Greek uses a genitive absolute γενομένης ('when [it] has arisen'); Latin matches with the ablative absolute orta; Syriac uses a finite verb ܕܗܘܐ ('that there comes to be') within the temporal clause introduced by ܘܡܐ — three distinct syntactic strategies for the same circumstantial idea.

Greek ἢ διωγμοῦ ('or persecution') is joined disjunctively, and Syriac ܐܘ ܪܕܘܦܝܐ preserves the disjunction, but the Vulgate reads et persecutione ('and persecution'), a conjunctive variant that may reflect a Greek Vorlage with καί or a stylistic Latin harmonisation of the coupled hardships.

Greek διὰ τὸν λόγον employs the article τόν before λόγον; Latin propter verbum and Syriac ܡܛܠ ܡܠܬܐ render the phrase anarthrously, since neither Latin nor Syriac possesses a definite article corresponding to the Greek.

All three render 'they are caused to stumble' with the passive σκανδαλίζονται / scandalizantur / ܡܬܟܫܠܝܢ; Latin transliterates the Greek loanword scandalizo while Syriac uses the native ethpaal of k-sh-l, a purely lexical-source difference with identical sense.