Mark 5 : 4

Greek uses the articular infinitive construction διὰ τὸ + accusative-and-infinitive ('because of his having been bound'); the Vulgate renders the causal clause with quoniam + finite/participial syntax, and the Peshitta with ܡܛܠ ('because'). The three express the same causal relation through divergent syntactic means.

Greek αὐτόν supplies the accusative subject of the infinitive ('he/him'); the Peshitta lacks an explicit pronoun here and instead inserts ܕܟܠ ܐܡܬܝ ('every time that'), an idiomatic frequentative construction not paralleled in Greek or Latin which have a single adverb 'often'.

Greek πολλάκις and Vulgate sæpe both render 'often' adverbially; the Peshitta dissolves this into the durative-frequentative phrase ܕܟܠ ܐܡܬܝ ('whenever, every time'), grouped above, distributing the iterative sense across the verbal periphrasis rather than a discrete adverb.

Greek uses the perfect passive infinitive δεδέσθαι ('to have been bound'); the Vulgate renders the perfect-stative with the participle vinctus; the Peshitta employs the periphrastic imperfect ܡܬܐܣܪ ܗܘܐ (participle + ܗܘܐ), the standard Syriac construction for habitual/durative past action.

Greek coordinates the two infinitival clauses with καί ('and'); the Vulgate has no conjunction at this juncture, beginning the new clause asyndetically with dirupisset, while the Peshitta reorders the clauses entirely (see below).

Greek reads διεσπάσθαι ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ τὰς ἁλύσεις ('the chains had been torn apart by him'), a passive with explicit agent; the Vulgate renders actively dirupisset catenas ('he would have burst the chains'); the Peshitta has ܫܫܠܬܐ ܡܬܒܪ ܗܘܐ ('he would break the chains', periphrastic imperfect). All three convey the same event with differing voice and a reversed clause order relative to the fetters.

Greek καὶ τὰς πέδας συντετρῖφθαι ('and the fetters had been shattered') and Vulgate et compedes comminuisset ('and broke the fetters') keep chains-then-fetters; the Peshitta ܘܣܘܛܡܐ ܡܦܣܩ ܗܘܐ ('and would snap the fetters') agrees in content but uses the verb p-s-q ('cut/sever') with the periphrastic imperfect, again preferring active over the Greek perfect passive.

Greek ἴσχυεν is an imperfect indicative ('was able'); the Vulgate poterat matches this imperfect; the Peshitta uses the periphrastic ܡܫܟܚ ܗܘܐ (participle of sh-k-ḥ 'to find/be able' + ܗܘܐ), the customary Syriac analytical past for habitual incapacity.

Greek δαμάσαι ('to subdue') and Vulgate domare are bare infinitives with a separate accusative object; the Peshitta ܠܡܟܒܫܗ (root k-b-š 'to subdue/conquer') is an infinitive bearing the 3ms object suffix ('to subdue him'), fusing verb and object into a single inflected form.

The Clementine Vulgate closes the verse with a colon (':'), marking the clause as syntactically subordinate to and anticipatory of the following narrative; the Greek and Syriac witnesses carry no equivalent editorial punctuation here.