Mark 12:22 — Greek / Peshitta / Vulgate aligned

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

expansion All three attest

Greek NT καὶ ἔλαβον αὐτὴν οἱ ἑπτὰ

Peshitta ܘܫܒܥܬܝܗܘܢ ܢܣܒܘܗ

Vulgate Et acceperunt eam similiter septem

The Vulgate inserts 'similiter' (likewise), making explicit the iterative nature of the seven brothers' marriages, which is implicit in the Greek καὶ ἔλαβον and Peshitta ܘܫܒܥܬܝܗܘܢ ܢܣܒܘܗ. The Peshitta employs a compound construction ܘܫܒܥܬܝܗܘܢ ('and-the-seven-of-them') that conflates Greek καὶ + οἱ ἑπτά into a single morphological unit with pronominal suffix, representing a typical Syriac synthetic strategy.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

punctuation Two witnesses

Greek NT καὶ

Vulgate et

The Vulgate places a colon after 'septem', creating a stronger syntactic break between the subject and predicate than the Greek καὶ or the Peshitta's asyndetic construction. This punctuation choice reflects Latin rhetorical preference for marking major clause boundaries.

𝔊 grk ℙ syr 𝔙 vul

construction All three attest

Greek NT καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἀπέθανεν

Peshitta ܡܝܬܬ ܐܦ ܗܝ ܐܢܬܬܐ

Vulgate est et mulier

Greek places the verb ἀπέθανεν in final position (καὶ ἡ γυνὴ ἀπέθανεν), following standard Greek SVO word order. The Vulgate inverts to verb-medial position (defuncta est et mulier), employing the perfect passive participle 'defuncta est' rather than a simple active verb. The Peshitta uses verb-initial order (ܡܝܬܬ ܐܦ ܗܝ ܐܢܬܬܐ), with the emphatic particle ܐܦ ('also/even') corresponding to Greek καί, reflecting typical VSO Semitic syntax and emphasizing the woman's death as the climactic event.

Mark 12 : 22

Critical apparatus