Mark 8 : 15

Greek διεστέλλετο (imperfect of διαστέλλω, 'he was charging/instructing') is rendered by the Syriac perfect ܘܦܩܕ (root p-q-d, 'he commanded'), collapsing the durative imperfect into a simple past, while the Vulgate præcipiebat preserves the iterative imperfect aspect. The Syriac verb is fused with the connective waw, so the single token aligns with both the Greek conjunction and verb.

Greek λέγων is a bare nominative participle ('saying'); the Syriac renders it as a finite waw-coordinated verb ܘܐܡܪ ('and said') supplemented by the dative ܠܗܘܢ ('to them'), supplying an explicit indirect object absent in both Greek and Latin at this point. The Vulgate dicens with its following colon is a participial construction matching the Greek.

Greek βλέπετε ('take heed') and Syriac ܐܙܕܗܪܘ ('beware', an Ethpaʿal imperative of z-h-r) both render a single imperative of warning, but the Vulgate expands with the coordinating et cavete ('and beware'), inserting a conjunction not present in the asyndetic Greek pairing ὁρᾶτε, βλέπετε.

Greek articulates the noun with τῆς ζύμης ('the leaven'); Syriac ܚܡܝܪܐ (emphatic state, root kh-m-r) and Latin fermento are anarthrous in form, the Syriac emphatic state being the default determinate form rather than a true definite article.

Greek uses article + genitive plural τῶν Φαρισαίων ('of the Pharisees'); Syriac ܕܦܪܝܫܐ (root p-r-sh) and Latin pharisæorum both employ a single genitive/relative form without separate article, the Syriac dālath proclitic serving the genitive relation.

Greek repeats the full phrase τῆς ζύμης ('the leaven') before Herod, whereas Syriac compresses this into the single suffixed form ܚܡܝܪܗ ('his leaven', 3ms pronominal suffix) anticipating Herod, and the Vulgate fermento omits the repeated article entirely. The Syriac genitive-suffix construction is the more economical idiom.