Mark 12 : 8

Greek employs a participle-plus-finite-verb construction (λαβόντες ἀπέκτειναν) with explicit object pronoun αὐτόν; Peshitta and Vulgate integrate the object pronominally (ܩܛܠܘܗܝ as suffix, occiderunt with eum preceding). All three traditions convey identical semantics but differ in syntactic packaging.

Vulgate inserts a colon after eum, creating a rhetorical pause between the killing and the expulsion. Neither Greek nor Peshitta manuscripts attest punctuation at this juncture, maintaining continuous narrative flow.

Greek uses finite verb ἐξέβαλον with separate object pronoun αὐτόν; Peshitta employs ܘܐܦܩܘܗܝ with pronominal suffix -ܘܗܝ encoding the third-person masculine singular object; Vulgate ejecerunt stands alone, relying on eum from the previous clause. Syntactic variation without semantic divergence.

Greek employs prepositional phrase ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος with genitive article; Peshitta uses ܠܒܪ ܡܢ ܟܪܡܐ, a compound preposition (ܠܒܪ ܡܢ 'outside from') typical of Syriac spatial expressions; Vulgate mirrors Greek structure with extra vineam. All three denote identical spatial relation but through tradition-specific prepositional idioms.