Mark 13 : 31

Greek employs the definite article ὁ οὐρανός (masculine singular with article), while Syriac ܫܡܝܐ and Latin Cælum lack articles, reflecting the absence of definite articles in both target languages. The Syriac form is plural ('heavens'), a common Semitic idiom for the celestial realm.

Greek uses the feminine article ἡ γῆ, while Syriac ܘܐܪܥܐ (with prefixed conjunction) and Latin terra omit the article. The Syriac conjunction ܘ is prefixed to the noun, a standard Semitic construction, whereas Greek and Latin place the conjunction between the two nouns.

Greek employs the article + adversative particle + noun construction (οἱ δὲ λόγοι), Latin uses noun + adversative particle (verba autem), while Syriac uses a simple conjunctive construction (ܘܡܠܝ, 'and my words') without an explicit adversative. All three convey the same contrastive sense through different syntactic strategies.

The first-person possessive pronoun appears in different positions: Greek μου follows the noun λόγοι, Latin mea follows verba, while Syriac employs a pronominal suffix directly attached to ܡܠܝ ('my-words'). This reflects standard possessive constructions in each language.

Greek uses the emphatic double negative οὐ μή with future indicative to express strong negation, a construction unique to Koine Greek. Latin non and Syriac ܠܐ employ simple negation, as neither language possesses an equivalent emphatic double-negative construction.