Mark 2 : 21

The Greek opens with paratactic καί ('and'), characteristic of Markan style; both the Vulgate (Nemo) and Peshitta (ܠܐ ܐܢܫ) drop the introductory conjunction, beginning the sentence directly with the negated subject.

Greek ῥάκους ('of cloth/rag') and Latin panni are explicit genitive nouns specifying the material of the patch; the Peshitta has no separate token for the cloth, collapsing the phrase into the single noun ܐܘܪܩܥܬܐ with its attributive adjective.

Greek ἀγνάφου and Latin rudis both mean 'unshrunk/undressed' (technical of new fabric that will shrink); the Peshitta instead reads ܚܕܬܐ ('new'), a semantic generalisation that loses the specific point about shrinkage which drives the parable's logic.

Greek ἐπιράπτει and Latin assuit are single finite verbs ('sews on'); the Peshitta employs a coordinated construction ܘܚܐܛ ('and sews'), reflecting Syriac preference for paratactic verb chaining.

Greek ἐπί and Peshitta ܥܠ ('on/upon') are explicit prepositions governing the garment; the Vulgate omits the preposition, instead using the bare dative vestimento veteri to express the same relation.

The Vulgate inserts a colon marking the protasis/apodosis boundary, corresponding to the Greek high point after παλαιόν·; the Peshitta has no punctuation token at this juncture.

Greek εἰ δὲ μή ('but if not') is an elliptical conditional formula rendered idiomatically by the single Latin adverb alioquin ('otherwise'); the Peshitta carries this notion within its relative clause (see ܕܠܐ below) rather than as a discrete phrase.

Greek αἴρει and Latin aufert are simple present indicatives ('takes away'); the Peshitta restructures with a relative-negative clause ܕܠܐ ܢܣܒܐ ('lest it take/pull'), absorbing the conditional 'otherwise' force and using the verb ܢܣܒ ('take') in place of αἴρω.

Greek τὸ πλήρωμα ('the fulness/filling-piece') and Latin supplementum denote the patch as 'that which fills'; the Peshitta ܡܠܝܘܬܗ (from root m-l-y, 'fulness') with the third-singular suffix ('its fulness') captures the same image while grammatically binding the patch to the garment.

Greek ἀπ᾽ αὐτοῦ ('from it') is a prepositional phrase with explicit pronoun, matched by Latin a [veteri]; the Peshitta does not render a separate 'from it', having already attached the possessive suffix to ܡܠܝܘܬܗ.

Greek τὸ καινόν ('the new [piece]') is a substantivised neuter adjective; Latin novum agrees with supplementum; the Peshitta ܗܝ ܚܕܬܐ uses the feminine demonstrative plus feminine adjective agreeing with the feminine noun ܐܘܪܩܥܬܐ, a gender shift driven by the underlying Syriac lexeme.

Greek χεῖρον ('worse') is the comparative of κακός and is matched semantically by Latin major ('greater'); the Peshitta ܝܬܝܪܐ ('more/greater') likewise expresses degree rather than the negative qualitative 'worse', a mild softening shared with the Vulgate.

Greek γίνεται and Latin fit ('becomes/comes to be') stand at the clause end; the Peshitta places its verb ܘܗܘܐ ('and there comes to be') before the noun ܣܕܩܐ, a word-order inversion typical of Syriac verb-initial clauses.