Mark 1 : 13

Greek separates the conjunction καί from the verb ἦν, while both Syriac ܘܗܘܐ and Vulgate's contracted... actually here Et erat are separate; the Peshitta fuses conjunction and verb into a single form ܘܗܘܐ, a routine Syriac morphological feature with no semantic effect.

Greek ἐκεῖ ('there') is matched by Syriac ܬܡܢ but has no equivalent in the Vulgate, which omits the locative adverb without loss of sense since the following prepositional phrase already supplies the location.

Greek and Latin place the numeral before the noun (τεσσεράκοντα ἡμέρας / quadraginta diebus), whereas Syriac inverts to noun-numeral (ܝܘܡܬܐ ܐܪܒܥܝܢ, 'days forty'), a normal Aramaic ordering. The cases also differ: Greek accusative of duration vs. Latin ablative of time.

The Vulgate expands 'forty days' with 'et quadraginta noctibus' ('and forty nights'), a harmonisation toward the parallel temptation accounts in Matt 4:2 and Luke 4:2 (cf. Exod 34:28). Neither the Greek nor the Peshitta attests the 'nights' clause in Mark.

Greek renders the action with a present passive participle (πειραζόμενος); the Vulgate uses a finite imperfect passive (tentabatur); the Peshitta employs the subordinating particle ܟܕ ('while') plus the participle ܡܬܢܣܐ, an analytic circumstantial construction. All express the same durative passive sense.

The Clementine Vulgate inserts colon punctuation marks that segment the verse into rhetorical cola; these editorial divisions have no counterpart in the unpointed Greek or Syriac transmission and slightly affect the perceived clause boundaries.

Greek repeats the simple καὶ ἦν ('and he was'); the Vulgate contracts conjunction and verb into eratque; the Peshitta uses the existential ܘܐܝܬܘܗܝ ܗܘܐ (literally 'and he was-existing'), an emphatic periphrastic copula typical of Syriac narrative.

Greek and Latin use a single imperfect verb (διηκόνουν / ministrabant); the Peshitta forms an analytic imperfect with participle plus auxiliary ܘܡܫܡܫܝܢ ܗܘܘ ('were serving'), the standard Syriac means of expressing past continuous aspect.