Mark 11 : 23

The explanatory particle γάρ ('for'), rendered ܓܝܪ in the Peshitta (itself a Greek loanword), has no counterpart in the Vulgate, which omits the causal connective entirely and begins simply with Amen dico vobis.

Greek λέγω and Latin dico encode the first-person subject morphologically in the verb, whereas Syriac uses the participle ܐܡܪ plus the independent pronoun ܐܢܐ ('I') as a periphrastic present, the normal Syriac construction for ongoing speech.

Greek expresses the indefinite relative with ὃς ἂν plus subjunctive; Latin condenses this into the single indefinite relative pronoun quicumque; Syriac uses ܕܡܢ ('whoever'), the prefixed relative being fused with the clause head ܕܡܢ at index 5.

The Vulgate inserts an explicit colon to mark the boundary of direct discourse before the imperative Tollere; the Greek punctuates with a raised dot fused to τούτῳ· and the Peshitta lacks discrete punctuation here.

Greek ἄρθητι ('be lifted up', from αἴρω) and Latin Tollere agree on the notion of being removed; the Peshitta ܕܐܫܬܩܠ derives from the root q-w-l/sh-q-l ('to lift, take up') in the ethpaal, semantically equivalent but lexically independent and cast as a relative/result clause ('that it be taken up').

Greek βλήθητι is an aorist passive imperative ('be cast'); Latin mittere is an infinitive in indirect discourse; Syriac ܘܦܠ ('and fall', root w-p-l/n-p-l) substitutes an intransitive verb of falling for the passive 'be cast', shifting the diathesis from external agency to motion of the mountain itself.

Greek διακριθῇ ('waver, be divided in judgement') is rendered in Syriac by ܢܬܦܠܓ ('be divided', root p-l-g), preserving the etymological sense of internal division, whereas the Vulgate hæsitaverit ('hesitate') captures the psychological nuance of doubt rather than division.

Greek reads ὃ λαλεῖ γίνεται ('what he says comes to pass'), a present-tense generalisation; the Peshitta restructures as ܕܗܘܐ ܗܘ ܡܕܡ ܕܐܡܪ ('that it shall be, that thing which he says'), employing the indefinite noun ܡܕܡ ('anything') and an anticipatory pronoun ܗܘ, a fuller and more emphatic formulation. The Vulgate lacks this entire 'what he says comes to pass' clause, having no counterpart to indices 27–29.

Greek ὃ ἐὰν εἴπῃ ('whatever he may say', subjunctive) is matched by the Vulgate quodcumque dixerit fiat ('whatever he says, let it be done'), which adds the jussive fiat; the Peshitta renders ܡܕܡ ܕܐܡܪ ('the thing which he says') with the indefinite noun and lacks an explicit optative verb, the wish being implied by the preceding ܢܗܘܐ.