Mark 11 : 29

Greek employs the article ὁ with δέ (postpositive conjunction); Vulgate omits the article entirely, as Latin lacks a definite article system. Peshitta uses the demonstrative pronoun ܗܘ ('he') as a functional equivalent to the Greek article, a common Syriac strategy for definiteness.

Greek uses a participial construction (ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν, 'answering, he said'), a Semitic pleonasm common in the Gospels. Vulgate mirrors this with respondens ait. Peshitta employs a single finite verb ܐܡܪ ('he said'), omitting the redundant participial element—a stylistic simplification typical of Syriac narrative economy.

Vulgate inserts a colon after illis to mark the transition to direct speech, a punctuation convention absent in Greek and Peshitta manuscripts. The semantic content (dative pronoun 'to them') is identical across all three traditions.

Greek uses the crasis form κἀγώ (καὶ ἐγώ, 'and I'), a single token combining conjunction and pronoun. Peshitta separates these as ܐܦ ܐܢܐ ('also I'), placing the emphatic particle first. Vulgate similarly separates et ego, following Latin word-order norms. All three convey identical emphasis on the first-person subject.

Greek places the numeral before the noun (ἕνα λόγον, 'one word/question'); Peshitta reverses this to ܡܠܬܐ ܚܕܐ (noun-numeral), conforming to standard Syriac syntax for indefinite constructions. Vulgate follows Greek order (unum verbum). The semantic content is identical.

Peshitta expands the future verb phrase with a triple repetition of ܐܢܐ ('I'): ܘܐܢܐ ܐܡܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܟܘܢ ('and I, I will say, I, to you'). This emphatic tripling is a Syriac stylistic device for emphasis, absent in both Greek (καὶ ἐρῶ ὑμῖν) and Vulgate (et dicam vobis), which use standard future constructions without pronominal repetition.

Peshitta adds a final ܐܢܐ ('I') after the verb ܥܒܕ ('I do'), creating ܗܠܝܢ ܥܒܕ ܐܢܐ ('these things I do, I'). This post-verbal pronoun is a Syriac emphasis marker, redundant in Greek (ταῦτα ποιῶ) and Vulgate (hæc faciam), both of which encode the first-person subject within the verb morphology alone.