Mark 12 : 43

The Peshitta explicitly names the subject ܝܫܘܥ (Yeshua) at token 1, whereas both Greek and Latin use only the participle (προσκαλεσάμενος / convocans) without naming Jesus. This is a typical Syriac clarification strategy to avoid ambiguity in narrative flow.

Greek uses the article + noun + possessive pronoun (τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ); Vulgate omits the possessive (discipulos suos); Peshitta employs a pronominal suffix on the noun (ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ, 'to-his-disciples'), a standard Semitic construction semantically equivalent to the Greek.

The Peshitta expands the solemn formula ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν by inserting the explicit first-person pronoun ܐܢܐ ('I') between the two verbs (ܐܡܝܢ ܐܡܪ ܐܢܐ ܠܟܘܢ), yielding 'Amen, I say, I, to you.' This emphatic pronoun is absent in both Greek and Latin but reflects Syriac rhetorical preference for subject explicitness.

Greek ὅτι and Latin quoniam both introduce the content clause; Peshitta uses the relative particle ܕ (d-), which functions identically but is morphologically a different construction (relative vs. conjunction). Semantically aligned.

Greek employs double articulation (ἡ χήρα αὕτη ἡ πτωχή, 'the widow this the poor'), a Semitic-influenced attributive structure. Peshitta uses the demonstrative prefix ܕܗܕܐ ('that this') + noun + adjective (ܐܪܡܠܬܐ ܡܣܟܢܬܐ). Vulgate reorders to Latin norms: vidua haec pauper (widow this poor), omitting the second article. All three are semantically equivalent.

Greek uses the comparative adjective πλεῖον + genitive πάντων ('more than all') with the verb ἔβαλεν following. Peshitta employs ܝܬܝܪ ܡܢ ܟܠܗܘܢ ('more than all') + verb ܐܪܡܝܬ, mirroring Greek syntax. Vulgate inverts to plus omnibus misit ('more than all cast'), placing the verb last. All convey identical comparative semantics.

The Peshitta inserts ܐܢܫܐ ('people, men') as the explicit antecedent of the participle ܕܪܡܝܢ ('who cast'), whereas Greek uses the articular participle τῶν βαλλόντων ('of those casting') and Latin the relative pronoun qui miserunt ('who cast') without naming the referent. This is a Syriac clarification typical of oral-register translation.

Greek uses the preposition εἰς + article + noun (εἰς τὸ γαζοφυλάκιον, 'into the treasury'). Peshitta employs the construct-state phrase ܒܝܬ ܓܙܐ ('house-of treasury'), a typical Semitic genitive construction. Vulgate uses in + accusative (in gazophylacium). All three denote the same location with tradition-specific syntax.