Mark 14 : 47

Greek uses the genitive plural article + perfect participle (τῶν παρεστηκότων, 'of those having stood by'); Latin renders with a single substantivised present participle governed by de (de circumstantibus); Syriac employs an analytic relative construction ܡܢ ܗܢܘܢ ܕܩܝܡܝܢ ('from those who were standing'), semantically equivalent but periphrastic.

Greek σπασάμενος is a middle-voice aorist participle ('having drawn for himself'), and Latin educens is a present participle; the Syriac ܫܡܛ is a finite perfect verb coordinated into the clause, flattening the Greek participial subordination into paratactic narrative typical of Syriac style.

Greek and Latin specify the definite article with μάχαιραν / gladium ('the sword'), while Syriac ܣܝܦܐ is unmarked for definiteness in this state; the lexeme itself is a common Semitic loanword (cf. Hebrew סַיִף), so the rendering is lexically natural.

Greek ἔπαισεν and Latin percussit are independent finite verbs introducing the main action, whereas the Peshitta ܘܡܚܝܗܝ prefixes the conjunctive waw and suffixes a 3ms object pronoun ('and struck him'), incorporating the direct object pronominally — a Syriac syntactic feature absent from the other two witnesses.

Greek expresses 'of the high priest' with the genitive ἀρχιερέως (a single compound noun); Latin renders it analytically as summi sacerdotis ('of the highest priest'); Syriac uses the construct phrase ܕܪܒ ܟܗܢܐ ('of the chief of the priests'), each tradition lexicalising the office differently.

Greek ἀφεῖλεν and Latin amputavit ('cut off') are finite verbs, while the Syriac ܘܫܩܠܗ (root sh-q-l, 'took/lifted away') again carries the conjunctive waw and an enclitic object pronoun; the Syriac verb of 'taking off' is also lexically softer than the explicit 'cutting' of amputavit.

Greek employs the double diminutive ὠτάριον ('little ear'), preceded by the possessive αὐτοῦ and article τὸ, and Latin matches the diminutive with auriculam plus illi; Syriac ܐܕܢܗ ('his ear') uses the unmarked noun with a possessive suffix and no diminutive force, since the diminutive nuance has no morphological counterpart in Syriac here.